Rayat Shikshan Sanstha’s

1. Rayat Shikshan Sanstha’s • Padmashri Dr.Vithalrao Vikhe Patil Vidyalaya ,Loni.

2. Smt: Sangita Gangadhar Sangale B.A.B.ED . English 2015-2016

3. TENSES AND YOU Prepared by: Smt:Sangita Sangale Assistant Teacher.

4. This study material can be used by teachers as well as students. • This material is basically meant for students of class VIII and can be used in modules for class IX also. • This presentation enhances the grasping power of the students as it not only provides the definitions , structures and examples but through their pictorial or animated description, aids the teaching – learning process. • Exercises have been attached to each concept so that students can apply the concepts and check their understanding.

5. How to use these slides • To move in the main sequence (eg. To move from simple present to simple past )PRESS SPACE BAR. • To move to exercises , uses etc, click where the direction is given. For example on words like – • Use , exercise , exercise on simple present etc. • WARNING : NEVER PRESS SPACE BAR AFTER AN EXERCISE OR SLIDE OF USES AS YOU MAY NOT BE ABLE TO COME BACK TO THE MAIN SEQUENCE.

6. Glossary Here certain terms are explained to help you understand better : Verbs : Word used to express an action or state. V1 – First or base form of verb, eg. Do V2 – Second or past form of verb, eg. did. V3 – Third or past participle for of verb, eg. Done. page1

7. GLOSSARY • SUB – SUBJECT – The part which names the person or thing we are speaking about . • SUBJECT – VERB AGREEMENT (click on the following to understand) • FOR SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE • FOR PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE • FOR PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE • FOR PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

8. What are tenses ? Tenses describe an action along with it’s time.

9. TIME CAN BE OF THREE TYPES PRESENT

10. P A S T

11. FUTURE

12. TENSES ARE OF4TYPES

13. Tenses Perfect continuous Simple Continuous Perfect

14. AND 3 X 4 = 12 SO THERE ARE 12 TYPES OF TENSES

15. SIMPLE PRESENT This tense is used to describe actions which take place in the present. But no definite time is given. SUB + V1 (s/es) Examples : • Suresh writes neatly. • Monaplaysfootball. uses

16. 1) Hi Rahul . Where were you yesterday? 3) Did you enjoy ? 2) I wentto my village. 4) Oh ! I enjoyed so much that I didn’t want to return. SIMPLE PAST Simple past tense describes an action that took place at a time in the past. SUB + V2 (see the underlined verbs) exercise on simple past

17. SIMPLE FUTURE Lets go to a hill station next week. It will be very cold. The snow is going to fall there. Are your friends also going somewhere? Yes, all my friends will go out of town. Simple future describes an action which will take place at a time in the future. : SUB + WILL/SHALL + V1 Eg. I shall play in the evening. (intention) Brazil will win the match. (prediction) Exercise on simple future

18. PRESENT CONTINUOUS • This tense describes actions which continue or go on for some time in the present • SUB + IS/AM/ARE + V1 + ING • Examples : • I am teaching grammar. • We are studying tenses. Exercise on present continuous

19. PAST CONTINUOUS • This tense describes actions which continued or were going on for some time in the past. SUB + WAS / WERE + V1 + ING Examples : Children were playing in the park yesterday . I was sleeping when you called. (extra ‘gyan’) Exercise on past continuous

20. FUTURE CONTINUOUS • This tense is used to describe actions which continue for some time in the future. SUB + WILL / SHALL + BE + V1 + ING Examples : I shall be packing for the journey later. Mridul will be coming home in the evening. Exercise on future continuous

21. PRESENT PERFECT • This tense is used for actions which start and finish in the • present time. • SUB + HAS / HAVE + V3 • It is used in the following circumstances: • When an action is completed in the near present • or just now. Click on example to understand . • When an action started earlier and continued up till the moment of speaking. Click on example to understand . • When an action happened earlier but its effect is there in the present. Click on example to understand. • exercise on present perfect

22. Past perfect This tense is used for actions that finished in the past ,but even before another action in past only. SUB + HAD + V3 Example : I had solved the sum when the class began. sum solved class began now _____|_________________|____________| 10 a.m. 10:30 a.m. 11 a.m. past in past past present < - time line - > USE (click to understand)

23. FUTURE PERFECT • This tense is used for actions which will finish by a certain time in future. • SUB + WILL / SHALL +HAVE + V3 • Example : I shall have finished the painting by Wednesday. • Sunday Tuesday wednesday • |---------------------|--------------------| • Time of speaking painting • finished • < ---------time line---------- > • exercise

24. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS This tense is used for actions which started earlier and are going on in the present. (no information about when they will finish is given) SUB + HAS / HAVE + V1 + ING Example : I have been playing for two hours. Click here to understand better

25. Past perfect continuous • This tense is used to describe actions that started at a time in the past and continued for sometime in the past only. • SUB + HAD + BEEN + V1 + ING • I had been working for ten hours before leaving the office. Exercise on past perfect continuous

26. Future perfect continuous This tense is used when before a particular time in the future, an action starts and continues after that time also. SUB + WILL / SHALL + HAVE + BEEN + V1 + ING Click here to understand end show

27. YOUR ROUTINE You go to school by bus. You study till 1 p.m. You sleep at 10 p.m. You play in the evening.

28. PROVERBS All that glitters is not gold. HABITS I study at 4P.M. in the evening. UNVERSAL TRUTHS The Sun rises in the East. Back Exercise on simple present LIKES / DISLIKES I LIKE RAINBOWS I ENJOY DANCING

29. USE OF PAST CONTINUOUS • Past continuous is also used to describe a time period within which an action took place. • Example : Ramesh was studying when Rohan returned.   Rohan returned --------------------|--------------------------------------- < ---time period for which Ramesh was studying---> back

30. Exercise on simple present • Describe your routine. • Example : • I get up at 5 in the morning . I reach school by 7.30 and study till 1 P.M. in the afternoon. • back

31. Exercise on simple past tense • Describe what you did yesterday with second or past form of following verbs : study sleep go play help back

32. Answer the following questions using the structure of simple future tense : • What will you do in your holidays? eg. I shall sleep a lot during my holidays. • Will you study a little bit? • Will you join some hobby classes ? back

33. Use the following words and form sentences of the actions going on in the picture: Subject : boy , bird , teacher Verb : write , teach , fly Exercise on present continuous back

34. EXERCISE ON PAST CONTINUOUS This is a picture of the party you attended yesterday. Now describe to your friend what was going o n in the party. Eg. Uncle Tom was snoring in the middle of the party. back

35. Exercise on Future continuous Identify the use of simple future and future continuous in the paragraph given above. back Difference between simple future and future continuous

36. Simple future describes an action which will take place in future. Example : I will bake a cake in the evening. I shall study on Sunday. Future continuous is used when an action is described in relation to a future time around which that action will be going on. Example : When you return, I will be baking a cake. Don’t come on Sunday as I shall be studying . back Simple future and continuous

37. I have completed the answer just now. back

38. Oh yes. I got a job in Goa in 1997. We have lived there for ten years . Oh hello M r. Dubey ! I have seen you after such a long time. Last time I saw you in 1997 back

39. A truck has hit my car back

40. Exercise on present perfect • State whether correct or incorrect : • I have seen the Taj Mahal yesterday. a) correct b) incorrect 2) She have gone just now. a) correct b) incorrect 3) Puja is having a car. a) correct b) incorrect 4) They have left just now. a) correct b) incorrect back

41. started still continue playing playing playing |-----|-----------------------|---------------------- > 2 p.m. -> 4 p.m. (time of speaking) Use of since and for exercise back

42. BRAVO ! BACK

43. BACK

44. You have done it again ! back

45. Marvelous ! back

46. Oops! ‘ I have seen the Taj Mahal yesterday.’ Here ‘have seen’ refers to present time and the word ‘yesterday’ to past and both cannot come together in one sentence. The correct sentence is : I have seen the Taj Mahal. Or I saw the Taj Mahal yesterday. back

47. Try again ‘She have gone to Australia’ Along with singular third person pronoun( she) we use has and not have Correct sentence: She has gone to Australia. BACK

48. INCORRECT ‘Puja is having a car’ Having means the action of eating. CORRECT ‘Puja has a car.’ In sentences related to Possession Relationship Health has / have is used. Eg : I have a book. She has a brother. BETTER LUCK NEXT TIME ! back

49. WHY ? BACK

50. Use of past perfect tense 7 p.m. Use of past perfect 9 p.m. Food cooked 9 p.m. back exercise Guests arrived 7 p.m. • When there are two actions, both in past, then past perfect tense is used to describe the action which took place first and simple past tense is used to describe the action which took place later. • Example : John had cooked (past perfect) the meal when the guests arrived(simple past).