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Management Information Systems

Management Information Systems. Islamia University of Bahawalpur Delivered by: Tasawar Javed Lecture 2. What is an IS?.

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Management Information Systems

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  1. Management Information Systems Islamia University of Bahawalpur Delivered by: Tasawar Javed Lecture 2

  2. What is an IS? • IS; interrelated components working together to collect, process, store, and disseminate information to support decision making, coordination, control, analysis, and visualisation in an organization • Information • Data • Feed back Process Data Information

  3. Computer Based IS

  4. Computer SW vs IS • Computers and software are technical foundation and tools to store and process information • similar to the material and tools used to build a house • Cannot produce required information to a particular organization

  5. Dimensions of IS

  6. Dimensions of IS • Organizational Dimensions • structure: different levels and specialties • hierarchy of authority, responsibility: Senior Middle Operational management, Knowledge service Data workers • business process: Organization coordinate its work through its hierarchy and business process • Culture : ways of doing things, part is embedded in IS. • Management Dimensions • Technological Dimensions

  7. Dimensions of IS • Management Dimensions • Make decisions, formulate action plan and solve organizational problem • Managers set organizational strategy for responding to business challenges • In addition, managers must act creatively: • Creation of new products and services • Occasionally re-creating the organization • Technological Dimensions • Hardware: physical component ;Software: instruction control Hardware; Data management technology • Network and telecommunications technology • WWW: service to store retrieve information • IT infrastructure: platform that the firm can built on its IS

  8. Business Perspective on IS • IS instrument for creating value to firms • Investments in IS result in superior returns: • Increases productivity and revenue • IS provides information that helps managers making better decisions and improve the execution of business process • Value of IS

  9. There variation in Returns on Information Technology Investment • Investing in information technology does not guarantee good returns • Considerable variation in the returns firms receive from systems investments • Factors that case The variation in Returns: • Adopting right business model according (suite) to new technology • complementary investments (business processes, models, management behavior and culture)

  10. Contemporary Approaches to IS

  11. Key System Applications in the Organization • Operational level systems • Info that monitor the elementary activities & transactions of the organizations • Knowledge level systems • IS that support knowledge and data workers in an organizations • Management level systems • IS that support the monitoring, control, DM & Admin activities • Strategic level systems • IS that support the long range planning activities of senior management

  12. The Evolution in Computer Applications • Transaction Processing Systems • Management Information Systems • Virtual Office Systems • Decision Support Systems • Enterprise Resource Planning Systems

  13. Transaction Processing Systems • The first computer based systems were called Electronic Data Processing systems. • Later came to know as Accounting Information System. • To day the term • TPS (Transaction Processing System) is common. • These systems share a common bond in that they process data that reflect the activities of the firm. • Collection of people, procedure, software, database, devices • Records completed business transactions • How it works??? Figure

  14. Transaction Processing SystemsA Model Environment Management E N V I R O N M E N T E N V I R O N M E N T E N V I R O N M E N T Data processing Software Database Transaction processing System Input physical resource Transform Output physical resource Environment

  15. Transaction Processing Systems • Explanation • The Input, Transformation & Output elements of physical system of the firm are at bottom • Data are gathered from throughout the physical system and the environment and entered into the database • Data processing software transforms the data into information for the firm’s management and for individuals and organizations in the firm’s environment • Information is processed data that is meaningful, it usually tells users something that they did not already know

  16. Transaction Processing Systems • TPS will exhibit following characteristics • Rapid processing • TPS systems are designed to process transactions virtually instantly to ensure that customer data is available to the processes that require it. • Reliability • TPS systems are therefore designed to incorporate comprehensive safeguards and disaster recovery systems. • Standardisation • Transactions must be processed in the same way each time to maximise efficiency. • Controlled access • Restricted access to the system ensures that employees who lack the skills and ability to control it cannot influence the transaction process.

  17. Thank you!!! • Q&A

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