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Chapter 39 Study Guide. Berlin Blockade. When the Soviets cut off the city of Berlin from the west and forcing a confrontation. North Atlantic Treaty Organization. When western European and North American countries banded together for mutual security in case of a Soviet Attack. Warsaw Pact.
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Berlin Blockade • When the Soviets cut off the city of Berlin from the west and forcing a confrontation.
North Atlantic Treaty Organization • When western European and North American countries banded together for mutual security in case of a Soviet Attack.
Warsaw Pact • When Easter European countries and the Soviet Union banded together for mutual security in case of a United States North American or Western European Attack.
Korean War • Batlle between North and South Korea at the beginning of the Cold War which tested the U. S. policy of Containment.
Third World • Term used to describe countries that were not developed economically.
H-Bomb • A more powerful and smaller atomic bomb using the element Hydrogen.
Mutual Assured Destruction • When both sides have enough military power to prevent the other country from attacking because they will be destroyed.
1. The Allies divided Germany into four occupation zones. When the United States, Britain, and France announced plans to unite their three zones as the capitalist and democratic country of West Germany, the Soviets imposed the Berlin Blockade to force the Allies to give up their plans or at least to relinquish all of Berlin. The Berlin Airlift thwarted the blockade.
2. Worried that China would align itself with the USSR, the United States refused to recognize Mao’s new Chinese government and continued to refer to Chiang Kai-shek’s government in Taiwan as thelegitimate government. The United States cut all tradeties with China and turned to Japan as its new allyin Asia.
3. Truman viewed the North Korean invasion as a test of American will to contain communism. When he turned to the United Nations for help, that international body resolved to use force, led by American General Douglas MacArthur, to create a “unified, independent and democratic Korea.”
4. The war ended in stalemate; Korean peninsula remained divided along the 38th parallel; Korea was left crippled by the destruction of war and millions of civilian and military casualties; more than 54,000 American soldiers were killed; North Korea grew increasingly isolated; South Korea, with ties to the United States, eventually flourished economically.
5. Possible answers: Propaganda, such as radio broadcasts into Hungary; isolation, such as the cutting of ties to China; aid and military assistance to pro-American Third World countries; withholding aid to nations with Soviet ties; covert action to influence events within a country; brinksmanship.
6. The policy of brinksmanship was based on John Foster Dulles’s belief that for the United States to contain communism, the Soviets would have to believe that the United States was willing use nuclear weapons. When China assaulted the islands of Quemoy and Matsu in the 1950s as possible preparation for an invasion of Taiwan, the United States threatened a nuclear attack and China backed down. Many saw this as a victory for brinksmanship
