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Road beyond Standard Model

Next decades. Rolf Heuer at Aix Les Bains 1. 10. 2013. Road beyond Standard Model. Similar approach as for HEP @ the FERMI Scale: Tevatron & SppS ; HERA; LEP Provided excellent insight into the Standard Model at the FERMI Scale!

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Road beyond Standard Model

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  1. Next decades Rolf Heuer at Aix Les Bains 1. 10. 2013 Road beyond Standard Model • Similar approach as for HEP @ the FERMI Scale: • Tevatron & SppS; HERA; LEP • Provided excellent insight into the Standard Model at the FERMI Scale! • [Top quark, Quark-Gluon dynamics and Proton structure functions, precision measurements of the Vector bosons of the Weak Interaction] LHC results vital to guide the way at the energy frontier At the energy frontier through synergy of hadron - hadron colliders (LHC, (V)HE-LHC?) lepton - hadron colliders (LHeC ??) lepton - lepton colliders (LC (ILC or CLIC) ?)

  2. LHeC options: RR and LR RR LHeC: new ring in LHC tunnel, with bypasses around existing experiments 100 MW Grid Power Limitation Luminosity - Energy & Tradeoff We chose 60GeV Beam Energy as reference case for comparison in the CDR LR construction mostly decoupled from LHC operation (except detector and IR)  LR design as baseline for studies past CDR RR LHeC e-/e+ injector 10 GeV, 10 min. filling time LRLHeC: Straight or Recirculating Linac; RCL with Energy Recovery Operation Oliver Brüning, CERN ABP Information Meeting, 22ndMay 2014 2

  3. Ring-Ring: • Maximum beam energy & L are limited by SR radiation power •  ca. 100 MW for a luminosity of L = 5 1033 cm-2 s-1 @60 GeV • Linac-Ring: • Maximum beam energy & L are limited by beam power •  > 1000 MW for a luminosity of L = 1033 cm-2 s-1 @60 GeV!!!! • Recirculating Linac with Energy Recovery operation!!! • Multiple use the SC RF structures (a la CBAF @ JLab) • Decelerate the beam after collisions in the same structures to recover the beam energy  the SC RF acts as a storage unit for the beam power. • The beam is dumped only at low energies and the beam power can be transferred to the next beam passing through the linac! Design Challenges: 3

  4. Super Conducting Linac with Energy Recovery & high current (> 6mA) • Relatively large return arcs • ca. 9 km underground tunnel installation • total of 19 km bending arcs • same magnet design as for RR option: > 4500 magnets LHeC: Baseline Linac-Ring Option • Two 1 km long SC • linacs in CW operation (Q > 1010) • requires Cryogenic • system comparable • to LHC system!

  5. LINAC – Ring: connection to the LHC IP2 -1104 5-cell cavities for 2 linacs -69 CryoModules per linac with 8 cavities per CM -801.6 MHz, 19 MV/m CW -24 - 39 MW RF power -29 MW Cryo for 37W/m heat load -3600 Dipoles + 1536 Quadrupoles in 2 * 3 arcs: -580 (4m long) dipoles per arc -8 (1m long) dipoles in spreader and combiner -12 dipoles per arc for path length adjustment -240 ( 0.9 and 1.2m long) quadrupoles per arc -16 (1m long) quadrupoles per spreader-combiner

  6. Various applications: • LHeC could • operateparallel • to HL-LHC •  PDFs; preparation • for FCC-hh • ERL could • potentially • provide collisions • with FCC-hh • ERL could • operate as injector • for FCC-ee LHeC in the Context of FCC: John Osborne @ 2014 FCC Kick-off meeting FCC

  7. Finest microscope with resolution varying like √1/Q2(4-momentum transfer) Unique machine for Higgs studies: LHeC: e-p (ion) Collider at the TeV scale using the LHC infrastructure Finite p Radius • PDFs at high energy: precision physics • at HL-LHC and preparation for FCC-hh Stanford Quarks SLAC FNAL Quark Gluon Dynamics CERN PDFs HERA LHeC Higgs BSM FCC-he

  8. R&D work: Following the 2012 LHeC workshop at Chavannes CERN management gave mandate for developments in 5 areas:  SC RF; CDR for ERL TF; SC magnets, IR in HL-LHC, exp beam pipe Coordination Group and International Advisory Committee: In 2013 the DG appointed an LHeC CG and IAC under the chairmanship of H. Schopper (ex CERN DG);  1st meeting at the 2014 LHeC workshop, SC RF development: CERN started in 2014 a collaboration with Uni Mainz for the construction of 800MHz SC RF cryomodules[construction by 2016 (MESA)] FCC: e-p option has been listed as an integral part of the new FCC studies @ CERN at the FCC Kick-off meeting in February 2014 Study Status: 8

  9. Reserve Transparencies:

  10. The mandate for the technology development includes studies and prototyping of the following key technical components: • Superconducting RF system for CW operation in an Energy Recovery Linac (high Q0 for efficient energy recovery) S • Superconducting magnet development of the insertion regions of the LHeC with three beams. The studies require the design and construction of short magnet models • Studies related to the experimental beam pipes with large beam acceptance in a high synchrotron radiation environment • The design and specification of an ERL test facility for the LHeC. • The finalization of the ERL design for the LHeCincluding a finalization of the optics design, beam dynamics studies and identificationof potential performance limitations • The above technological developments require close collaboration between the relevant technical groups at CERN and external collaborators. • Given the rather tight personnel resource conditions at CERN the above studies should exploit where possible synergies with existing CERN studies. 2012 CERN Mandate: 5 main points S.Bertolucci at Chavannes workshop 6/12 based on CERNdirectorate’s decision to include LHeC in the MTP

  11. Study Structure as of 2014:Coordination Group for DIS at CERN: The coordination group was invited end of December 2013 by the CERN directorate with the following mandate (2014-2017) LCG (2014-2017) *) Nestor Armesto Oliver Brüning Stefano Forte Andrea Gaddi Bruce Mellado Paul Newman Max Klein Peter Kostka Daniel Schulte Frank Zimmermann Directors (ex-officio) Sergio Bertolucci, Frederick Bordry The group has the task to coordinate the study of the scientific potential and possible technical realisation of an ep/eA collider and the associated detectors at CERN, with the LHC and the FCC, over the next four years. It should also coordinate the design of an ERL test facility at CERN as part of the preparations for a larger energy electron accelerator employing ERL techniques. The group will cooperate with CERN and an International Advisory Committee *) LCG Composition early March 2014

  12. International Advisory Committee: The IAC was invited in December2013 by the CERN DG Guido Altarelli (Rome) Sergio Bertolucci (CERN) Frederick Bordry (CERN) Stan Brodsky (SLAC) Hesheng Chen (IHEP Beijing) Andrew Hutton (Jefferson Lab) Young-Kee Kim (Chicago) Victor A Matveev (JINR Dubna) Shin-IchiKurokawa (Tsukuba) Leandro Nisati (Rome) Leonid Rivkin (Lausanne) HerwigSchopper (CERN) – Chair JurgenSchukraft (CERN) AchilleStocchi (LAL Orsay) John Womersely (STFC) *) Mandate 2014-2017 Advice to the LHeC Coordination Group and the CERN directorate by following the development of options of an ep/eA collider at the LHC and at FCC, especially with: Provision of scientific and technical direction for the physics potential of the ep/eAcollider, both at LHC and at FCC, as a function of the machine parameters and of a realistic detector design, as well as for the design and possible approval of an ERL test facility at CERN. Assistance in building the international case for the accelerator and detector developments as well as guidance to the resource, infrastructure and science policy aspects of the ep/eA collider. *) IAC Composition End of February 2014 + Oliver Brüning Max Klein ex officio

  13. John Osborne; 2014 Prévessin site North shaft area Saint Genis-Pouilly South shaft area Meyrin site

  14. 1. Design for synchronous ep and pp operation (including eA)  after LS3 which is about 2025 – no firm schedule exists for HL-LHC, but it may operate until ~2035 2. LHeC is a new collider: the cleanest microscope of the world, a complementary Higgs facility, a unique QCD machine with a striking discovery potential, with possible applications as γγ  H or injector to TLEPP or others AND an exciting new accelerator project 3. CERN Mandate to develop key technologies for the LHeC for project decision after start of LHC Run II and in time for start parallel to HL LHC phase LHeC CDR

  15. LHC hadron beams: Ep=7 TeV; CM collision energy: E2CM = 4 Ee* Ep,A 50 to 150GeV Integrated e±p : O(100) fb-1 ≈ 100 * L(HERA)  synchronous ep and pp operation Luminosity O (1033) cm-2s-1 with100 MW power consumption Beam Power < 70 MW Start of LHeC operation together with HL-LHC in 2023 (installation in LS3 in 2022) e Ring in the LHC tunnel (Ring-Ring - RR) Superconducting ERL (Linac-Ring -LR) Design Considerations Luminosity - Energy & Power tradeoff We chose 60GeV Beam Energy as reference case for comparison in the CDR 15

  16. pp b quark top quark MW, H? HEP: The Fermi Scale [1985-2010] Tevatron ep e+e- The Standard Model Triumph MZ , sin2  3 neutrinos h.o. el.weak (t,H?) gluon h.o. strong c,b distributions high parton densities LEP/SLC HERA

  17. LHeC Tentative Time Schedule LHeC Project is still on track for startup with HL-LHC: -10 years for the LHeC from CDR to project start. (Other smaller projects like ESS and PSI XFEL plan for 8 to 9 years [TDR to project start] and the EU XFEL plans for 5 years from construction to operation start) HERA required ca.10 years from proposal to completion On schedule for launching SC RF development  Synergies with HL-LHC and TLEP LS3 --- HL LHC

  18. LINAC – Ring: connection to the LHC IP2 -1104 5-cell cavities for 2 linacs -69 CryoModules per linac with 8 cavities per CM -801.6 MHz, 19 MV/m CW -24 - 39 MW RF power -29 MW Cryo for 37W/m heat load -3600 Dipoles + 1536 Quadrupoles in 2 * 3 arcs: -580 (4m long) dipoles per arc -8 (1m long) dipoles in spreader and combiner -12 dipoles per arc for path length adjustment -240 ( 0.9 and 1.2m long) quadrupoles per arc -16 (1m long) quadrupoles per spreader-combiner Linac (racetrack) inside the LHC for access at CERN Territory U=U(LHC)/3=9km

  19. Small x: where does DGLAP break down? • High-Energy: small x  Increasing Parton density; • asymptotic freedom but non-linear • perturbative QCD and Saturation Introduction: EIC as a QCD Explorer  DGLAP = linear in ln(Q2); BFKL = linear (including ln(1/x)!)

  20. Energy Frontier: -PDFs for HL-LHC and future p colliders -Higgs production via Vector Boson fusion!!! -Search for Physics beyond the SM (e.g. lepto-quarks)? Proton Spin?  requires polarized beams! HERA: Gluon proliferation Gluon Saturation? How do Gluons saturate? Color Glass Condensate? Where does it set in? Introduction: Key Questions for EIC Projects EIC application EIC application

  21. Finest microscope with resolution varying like √1/Q2 Parton momentum fixed by electron kinematics: Introduction: EIC facilities as a microscope: Finite p Radius Stanford Quarks SLAC e+e- FNAL  Quark Gluon Dynamics CERN eh  HERA X LHeC  Higgs BSM hh FCC-he Max Klein

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