What words would you use to describe these images?

1. What words would you use to describe these images?

2. Agree Learning Outcomes Be able to explain the roles women played in helping Britain win World War One (All) Be able to explain how WW1 changed the role of women (Most) Be able to identify the message of a source, explaining what techniques are used to help get it’s message across (Some)

3. Presenting New Information By March 1916, World War One had been in stalemate for around 18 months. Through enlistment around 3,000,000 men had signed up to join the British armed forces. However, due to the heavy number of casualties suffered on the Western Front and the dwindling numbers of men volunteering, the British Government decided to introduce conscription. From 1916 to the end of the war around 2.3 million men were conscripted into the British Army. Therefore, during the course of the war over 5 millionhadmen joined the armed forces.

4. Presenting New Information However, the early 20th century was a male dominated society. Most of the jobs that helped keep the British armed forces in supply of vital resources such as shells, guns, ships and aircraft were held by men. With so many men drafted into the army – there was a shortage of male workers to keep up with demand. In order to solve this problem, the British Government turned to women.

5. Construct New Meaning In order to establish what role women played during the First World War, you are now going to select a variety of evidence that will help you gain an understanding of: The status of women before WW1. What roles women played during the war. The opinion of society. The impact that war work had on the status of women. Using the sources, you should include any evidence that you feels help to answer any of the questions around your semantic map. Extension questions (Level 5-7) are underlined on the map. The sources needed to answer these use more complex language.

6. Apply to Demonstrate What is the message of this poster? How does it get it’s message across?

8. Review On a scale of 1 to 10, how big a role did each of these play in helping the Allies win the war? What was the role of women during World War One? Soldiers Weapons and ammunition Women

9. What types of things were women forbidden from doing before World War One? Extension: How far did World War One change the role of women? (Great extent, slight extent, no extent.) Explain why! What were the traditional jobs undertaken by women before ww1? Extension: What opinions did people have about women undertaking this new type of work? (Explain!) Women WW1 What types of jobs did women undertake during the war? How do you think this helped the effort to win the war?

10. ‘It was not until 1910 that women were allowed to become accountants and bankers. However, there were still no women diplomats, barristers or judges. Women were allowed to become teachers. In 1861 over 72% of teachers were women, but teaching was a low status job and was also very badly paid. Women also became Nurses, typists, and shop assistants.’ http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/Wcareer.htm ‘Women rarely had careers and most professions refused entry to women. In the middle of the 19th century it was virtually impossible for women to become doctors, engineers, architects, accountants or bankers.’ www.johndclare.net

11. WAAC The Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps was set up in January 1917. It took over many of the office jobs in the army, which freed the men to fight. VAD From 1916 women volunteered as members of the Voluntary Aid Detatchments, where they worked behind enemy lines as nurses. ‘I don’t like it, not one bit. A woman’s place should be in the home, with the family. Not in a factory or on a farm. That’s man’s work that is.’ Frank Cairns was interviewed by a newspaper in Leeds about the new types of work being undertaken by women. 1916.

12. ‘The highly skilled and dangerous work done by women during the war… was probably the greatest factor in the granting of the vote to women.’ Gifford Lewis, a First World War historian, 1986. The contribution women made during the war had an impact on attitudes to women. Politicians and the general public alike recognised that women deserved greater political rights. But it was not the only, and may not even have been the main, reason why women received the vote. Think about it. The women who benefited in 1918 were mature and married females. Young women who had contributed so much in the munitions factories and elsewhere were given no recognition by the government. http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/history/britsuff/wwone/revision/1/ Level 5-7

13. ‘Quality Sheet metal – Women’s work better than men’s output Aircraft Woodwork – Women equal to men in most areas Cartridge Production – Women equal to men Shell production – Women’s work poorer than men’s Quantity Sheet metal – Women’s production equal to 99% of men’s output Aircraft Woodwork – Women’s production equal to men’s output Cartridge Production – Women’s production equal to men’s output; in some cases 20% more than men’s Shell Production – Women’s production behind that of men and boys’ A comparison of the quality and output of women and men by the National Employers’ Federation in 1918. ‘In every industrial district without exception there was continuous opposition [from men] to the introduction of women. In some cases this opposition was overt to the point of striking; in other instances . . . It took the insidious [sneaky, deceptive] form of refusal to instruct women, or attempts to restrict the scope of their work or to discredit their efforts.’ From a government report in 1919 on how effectively women had been brought into industrial work Level 5-7