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Chapter 15 Renaissance and Reformation. Section Three: The Protestant Reformation. I. An Era of Reform. Reformation Around 1500- a reform movement that split the church in western Europe Causes Church more interested in income than saving souls Popes acted as political leaders and warriors
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Chapter 15 Renaissance and Reformation Section Three: The Protestant Reformation
I. An Era of Reform • Reformation • Around 1500- a reform movement that split the church in western Europe • Causes • Church more interested in income than saving souls • Popes acted as political leaders and warriors • Some priests engaged in vice and misconduct • The Beginning • first break occurred in Germany • Pope Leo X sold indulgences pardons from punishment for sins • Simply to raise money
II. Martin Luther • Luther • German monk • Studied Bible and developed new ideas • Salvation only through grace of God, not through actions – in contrast to the church • Bible sole religious authority • Ceremonies to elaborate and not needed • Luther’s protest • 1517- Posted 95 Theses on a church door • News spread, church denounced him • Break with the church • Excommunicated from church- Diet of Worms • Luther translated and printed the Bible in German • Protestantism • Luther’s followers and later reformers called “Protestants” • Ideas spread and the Lutheran Church developed
III. Spread of Protestantism • Spread of Protestantism • Some German princes decided to establish Lutheran Churches • German princes allowed to determine their states religion • Rise of Sects • 1520’s-1530’s hundreds of new religious groups appeared • Anglican Church • King Henry VIII (6 wives)- wanted a divorce- male heir • Pope would not grant- formed Church of England
IV. Calvinism • John Calvin • French Protestant • Published a complete and clear set of religious beliefs • Calvin’s Church • predestination- God decided who would be saved • Geneva Calvinism became official religion • Strict laws and strict punishment • Calvinism Spread • French Calvinist- Huguenots • Poland, Hungary, Scotland, Netherlands • Puritanism is from Calvinism
Renaissance Fun Facts • The floor was dirt. Only the wealthy had something other than dirt, hence the saying "dirt poor." The wealthy had slate floors which would get slippery in the winter when wet. So they spread thresh on the floor to help keep their footing. As the winter wore on they kept adding more thresh until when you opened the door it would all start slipping outside. A piece of wood was placed at the entry way, hence a "thresh hold.“ • They cooked in the kitchen in a big kettle that always hung over the fire. Every day they lit the fire and added things to the pot. They mostly ate vegetables and didn't get much meat. They would eat the stew for dinner leaving leftovers in the pot to get cold overnight and then start over the next day. Sometimes the stew had food in it that had been in there for a month. Hence the rhyme: peas porridge hot, peas porridge cold, peas porridge in the pot nine days old.“ • Sometimes they could obtain pork and would feel really special when that happened. When company came over, they would bring out some bacon and hang it to show it off. It was a sign of wealth and that a man "could really bring home the bacon." They would cut off a little to share with guests and would all sit around and "chew the fat."
Assignments • Complete section two and three vocabulary and do section review questions 3 and 4 on page 367
