Gigabit Ethernet

1. Gigabit Ethernet Pace University DCS 834 Presented by Team 1: Stella Konstantinou, Jonus Gerrits Meg Broderick, Rigoberto Diaz March 22, 2002

2. Gigabit EthernetAgenda • Introduction S. Konstantinou • Applications • Services • Comparison with Other Technology • Gigabit Ethernet - The Future • How Does It Work? J. Gerrits • Physical Layer • MAC Layer • Questions

3. Gigabit EthernetIntroduction • IEEE Standards approved in 1998/99 • Fiber : 1000BaseLX and 1000Base SX • Copper: 1000BaseT and 1000BaseCX • Benefits: • Preserves Ethernet simplicity • Uses installed base and skills • Incremental implementation • Connect segments • Best price performance

4. Gigabit Ethernet Applications • Transparent LAN Service: • LAN-to-LAN connects at native speeds & protocols. • Server Switching: • Highly Optimized to support server farm • Uses layers 3 & 4 for load-balancing • “NIC-bypass” eliminates Ethernet framing between server and switch

5. Gigabit Ethernet Applications(more) • MAN Trunking: • Point-to-point high speed trunking to hosting providers, storage providers and between data centers. • Aggregates several (to 8) switch-server or switch-switch links into one fat logical pipe • Burns through bottlenecks caused by difference in LAN/WAN transmission speeds

6. Gigabit Ethernet Applications(more) • WAN Connectivity: • Long-haul linking metro areas/LANs • Generally Improves QoS • Regulating timing of latency • Minimizing jittery video and audio delays • However, ATM better for: • Backbone applications • Client connections needing specialized QoS • E.g., Medical imaging

8. Gigabit Ethernet

10. Gigabit Ethernet Applications(more) • High Speed Internet Access • Improves Efficiency • Less overhead than ATM • SONET • Statistical multiplexing not supported • Complex protocol: expensive • Guarantees QoS requirements • E.g., Bandwidth, Priority Control

11. Gigabit Ethernet The Future • 10 Gigabit Ethernet • IEEE 802.3ae in Final Reviews • No Copper • By 2004, 2M+ Ports expected • $4B in sales of storage apps and Ethernet • 100 Gigabit Ethernet • A-8800 Optical Ethernet Metro Core Switch • IEEE Standard Being Proposed

12. Gigabit Ethernet The Future • Infrastructure Implications • Faster Speed - Same Cabling • Needs to be tested • About 10% of Cat 5 cable fails standards • Optical Ethernet Networks • Router to Router • Host to Network

13. Gigabit Ethernet How Does It Work?

14. Gigabit EthernetHow Does It Work? • Uses Ethernet Standards • Full Duplex • Simultaneous data transmission & reception • CSMA/CD modified • Carrier Extension to change propagation delay • Frame Bursting to allow multiple consecutive short packets without giving up control of signaling and channel

15. Gigabit EthernetHow Does It Work? • Pause protocol • Asymmetric flow control • Auto negotiation protocol • 8B/10B Encoding • Encodes 8-bit data bytes from GMII to 10-bit code groups • Serial • Uses NRZ coding

16. Gigabit EthernetHow Does It Work? • Physical Links: • Optical fiber • 10 micron single-mode - campus backbone • 62.5 micron multimode - building backbone • Copper cabling • Unshielded twisted pair

17. Gigabit EthernetHow Does It Work? • Distance: • 25 Meters for 150 ohm • Slot Time: • 4096 bit times • Interframe gap: • .096 µsec vs 9.6 µsec for 10 Mbps • Burst Limit • 8192 bits

18. Protocol Layers Addressed In IEEE 802.3 Source: http://computer.org/Internet/v1n5/tollya.htm

19. MAC Layer IThroughput marginally better than Fast Ethernet Why? Uses a bigger slot size of 512 bytes to maintain Ethernet compliant. –min/max frame sizes. Frame size remains but “carrier event” is extended. LLC is not aware of extension – It is removed before the FCS is checked by receiver

20. MAC Layer IIIncrease Throughput – Packet Bursting How? • Pad first packet to the slot time • –if necessary, with carrier extension • Transmit subsequent packets back to back with minimum Inter-packet gap (IPG) until a burst timer (1500 bytes) expires.

21. Gigabit Ethernet Any Questions?

22. Gigabit Ethernet Thank You!