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The Image of Nursing

The Image of Nursing. Darlene D’Arcangelo, RN Ferris State University. What is nursing?.

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The Image of Nursing

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  1. The Image of Nursing Darlene D’Arcangelo, RN Ferris State University

  2. What is nursing? • “Nursing is the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations” (Nursing World, 2013).

  3. Nursing as a Profession • Nursing as a profession embodies many values inherent in those who pursue nursing careers. When nurses are asked to identify their core values, they are surprisingly consistent throughout the profession globally. They include honesty, responsibility, pursuit of new knowledge, belief in human dignity, equality of all patients and the desire to prevent and alleviate suffering.

  4. Theorists behind Nursing Profession • Florence Nightingale- provision of optimal conditions to enhance recovery. • Virginia Henderson- Nurse’s function is to assist clients, sick or well, in performing those activities contributing to health, recovery, or peaceful death-activities that they would perform unaided if they had the necessary strength, will or knowledge. Helps client gain independence as soon as possible. • Dorothea Orem- A helping service to persons who are wholly or partly dependent when those responsible for their care are no longer able to give care. A creative effort of one human being to help another.

  5. Top 10 Traits Every Nurse Should Have • A caring nature • Be empathetic • Be detail-oriented • Be emotionally stable • Be adaptable • Have physical endurance • Be a quick thinker • Have great judgment • Be hard-working • Have great communication skills

  6. Media’s impact on Nursing image • Reflection of professional nursing practice is learned through media. The widely held view that nursing is not intellectually demanding or challenging is the result of media representation of nurses. “The sentimental image of inadequately educated but nurturing and kindhearted assistant at the bedside is outdated” (Benner, Sutphen, & Leonard, 2010).

  7. Physician and nursing characters in entertainment media • Kalisch & Kalisch (1986) conducted a comparative analysis of nurse and physician characters in entertainment media. The study reported findings from a content analysis of 670 nurses and 466 physician characters portrayed in novels, films, and prime-time TV series published or produced from 1920-1980. • Media RNs predominantly female 99% • Caucasian 95.6% • Single 71% • Barren 89.4% • Less intelligent & rational • Media MDs predominantly male 92.5% • Older & more often parental figure • Stronger and more compassionate role STUDY RESULTS

  8. Stereotypes of Nursing • Nurses were white uniforms and white hat • All nurses are predominantly female • Male nurses are less respected and are all gays • All nursing jobs are the same • Nurses cannot advance in their profession • Nursing duties are not hard to perform • Nurses are failed doctors • Nurses work for doctors • The “naughty” nurse stereotype • The “ministering angel” stereotype “These stereotypes and images does not appeal to sophisticated, discipline-oriented, educated people who wish to be taken seriously as a professional “ (Cohen & Bartholomew, 2008; Darbyshire, 2010)

  9. Men and nursing • “According to studies from the American Association of Colleges of Nursing, the reason for low numbers of men entering nursing include role stereotypes, economic barriers, few mentors, gender biases, lack of direction from early authority figures, misunderstanding about the practice of nursing, and increased opportunities in other fields” (Meyers, 2003, p.18).

  10. Taking charge of nursing image • A licensed nurse is expected to provide safe and effective nursing care following the appropriate standards of care approved by professional standards • The regulatory boards of nursing protect the public through strict guidelines required to prevent nursing graduates from achieving licensure status unless a safe level of nursing knowledge is demonstrated by passing a tough national licensure examination • Establishment of Professional Associations (ANA)

  11. Survey • Cohen & Bartholomew (2008) report results from an online survey with 1,142 respondents who provided their opinions and perceptions about the image of nursing profession. The respondents were asked to rate items they felt affect the image of the nurse.

  12. Survey cont. The actions with highest responses were the following: • How we present ourselves to patient and families 98.9% • Whether the patient /family feels we care 98.6% • How skilled we appear to be at our jobs 96.3% • How we act around nurses’ station 94.6%

  13. Survey cont. • What do you think the individual nurse can do to help shape a more realistic image of nursing? • Appearance • Behavior • Communication skills • Education/ competency • Professional organizations • Public education/awareness Nurses are the front line to GREAT CARE

  14. Summary • All levels of nursing depend on the public’s understanding of how and why nurses are essential members of the health care team • Mass media plays a major role in shaping learned social behavior • Nurses need to work with media to create more realistic portrayals of nursing and communicate to the public the impact nursing care provides to patients and hospitals (Darbyshire, 2010).

  15. Summary cont. • Nurses need to get involved in the public and political places of power and educate families, neighborhoods, and community members about realistic nursing work. • Increased voice and visibility of nursing will positively impact nurse recruitment, nursing salaries, and nursing image.

  16. QSEN • Concerns about the quality and safety of health care have changed practice expectations and created a mandate for change in the preparation of health care professionals. • Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) foundation created a better image of nursing profession and contributed significantly to better health care

  17. “What is a nurse? To go above and beyond the call of duty. The first to work and the last to leave. The heart and soul of caring. A unique soul who will pass thru your life for a minute and impact it for an eternity. A empowered individual whom you may meet for only a 12 hour period, but who will put you and yours above theirs……….” - Anonymous

  18. References: Benner, P., Sutphen, M., Leonard, V., & Day, L. (2010). Educating nurses:Acall for radical transformation. Jossey- Bass: Carnegie Foundation fortheAdvancement of Teaching. Cabaniss, R. (2011). Educating nurses to impact change in nursing's image. Teaching and Learning in Nursing (2011) 6, 112–118 Cohen, S., & Bartholomew, K. (2008). Our image, our choice: Perspectives on shaping, empowering, and elevating the nursing profession. Danvers, MA: HCPro, Inc. Darbyshire, P. (2010). Heroines, hookers and harddians: Exploring popular images and representations of nurses and nursing. In J. o. h. n. Darby (Ed.), Contexts of nursing (pp. 36−48). Australia: Elsevier. Kalisch, G., & Kalisch, B. (1983). Improving the image of nursing. American Journal of Nursing, 83(1), 48−52. Kalisch, P. A., & Kalisch, B. J. (1986). A comparative analysis of nurse and physician characters in the entertainment media. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 11, 179−195.

  19. References cont. “What is nursing?” retrieved from: http://www.nursingworld.org/EspeciallyForYou/What-is-Nursing

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