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An Overview of Coronary Heart Bypass Surgery

In the late 1930s, Dr. John Gibbon performed a cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with the help of the heart-lung machine.

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An Overview of Coronary Heart Bypass Surgery

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  1. An Overview of Coronary Heart Bypass Surgery

  2. History • In the late 1930s, Dr. John Gibbon performed a cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with the help of the heart-lung machine. • In 1953, D. W. Gordon Murray reported placement of arterial grafts in the coronary circulation • In 1955, Sidney Smith was the first to produce saphenous vein and employ it as a graft from aorta to into the myocardium. • In 1958, Longmire performed the first open coronary artery endarterectomy without CPB at University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA).

  3. Continued… • In 1961, Dr. Robert Goetz executed the first human coronary artery bypass operation successfully. • In 1962, Proud fit by visualizing the coronary arteries conducted the first practical cardiac angiography successfully. • In 1964, Kolovos performed the first internal mammary artery-coronary artery anastomosis. • In the 1970s, continued development of technique and conduits took place.

  4. Definition

  5. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) refers to a procedure, wherein, the blocked coronary arteries are bypassed with the help of a blood vessel graft in order to restore normal flood flow to the heart. • It alleviates angina, pain and diminishes the associated heart attack risks leading deaths.

  6. Procedure Involved

  7. The procedure of CABG can be divided into two main stages, that includes Stage 1: the healthy blood vessel (the graft) is removed from body parts like chest wall or leg. Stage 2: The graft is connected to the coronary artery by bypassing the diseased segment- it improves the blood flow to the heart

  8. Latest Developments • A surgical robot is used to perform CABG in a minimally-invasive way- it does not require an incision, decreasing the patient’s recovery period to a few weeks • Keyhole surgery: Much different to the traditional surgical methods, it requires an incision that varies from 2 to 3 inch. • Minimally-invasive surgery and stented angiosplasty in one-Hybrid procedures. • Beating heart bypass or off-pump.

  9. Off Pump CABG

  10. This CABG is performed without the use of a heart-lung machine (cardiopulmonary bypass) In this procedure, the bypass is sewed onto the heart, while the heart keeps on beating. For the surgeon to commence the operation, a wide range of heart stabilizers are used to restrain the heart one section at a time

  11. Advantages of Off-Pump Over on Pump CABG • Lesser need of blood transfusions • Diminished risk of bleeding, stroke and kidney failure. • Patients who are at a risk of health ailments such as lung disease, kidney failure, peripheral vascular disease can greatly benefit from this operation.

  12. Possible risks • Blood clots that may elevate the risks of a stroke, heart attack, or lung problems • Bleeding, infection and difficulty in breathing • Abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias) • Pneumonia, Fever and pain

  13. Contact Us - Address:- 706, Pearl Business Park, NetajiSubhash Place, Pitampura, New Delhi, Delhi – 110034 Email ID:- wecare@medmonks.com Website:- https://medmonks.com/heart-surgery-india Contact no:- +917683088559

  14. THANK YOU!!!!

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