Immigration & Urbanization 1877-1900

1. Immigration & Urbanization 1877-1900 Created by Mr. Johnson

2. Objective • 5.01 – Evaluate the influence of immigration and rapid industrialization on urban life.

3. Elevator Electric Trolleys Telephone Alexander Graham Bell Phonograph Thomas Edison Typewriter Jacob Riis How the Other Half Lives Jane Addams Settlement Houses Hull House Culture Shock Ellis Island Angel Island Dumbbell Tenements Chinese Exclusion Act Sweatshops Amusement Parks Spectator Sports New Immigration Old Immigration Frederick Law Olmstead Melting Pot Salad Bowl Cultural Pluralism Nativism Key Terms

4. Mark Twain – “The Gilded Age”

5. Robber Barons

6. Conspicuous Consumption

7. Rising Tide of Immigration

8. Immigration & Urbanization

9. Old Immigration

10. New Immigration

11. New Immigration

12. Why They Came • Job Opportunities • Homestead Act • Anti-Semitism

13. The Journey • Ocean Liners • Traveling in Steerage • Into the Unknown

14. ARRIVAL • Physical Exams • Quarantine • Name Changes • Culture Shock • Video – Edison Motion Pictures

15. Medical Exams & Quarantine

16. Ellis Island, NY

17. Ellis Island, NY

18. Statue of Liberty, 1886

19. Statue of Liberty Torch • Light & hope Seven Spires • “Seven Seas” Stone Tablet • July IV MDCCLXXVI “The New Colossus”

20. The New Colossus Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame,With conquering limbs astride from land to land;Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall standA mighty woman with a torch, whose flameIs the imprisoned lightning, and her nameMother of Exiles. From her beacon-handGlows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes commandThe air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame."Keep ancient lands, your storied pomp!" cries sheWith silent lips. "Give me your tired, your poor,Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,The wretched refuse of your teeming shore.Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me,I lift my lamp beside the golden door!" —Emma Lazarus, 1883

21. Angel Island, San Francisco

22. Japanese “Picture Brides”

23. Nativism

24. “Know-Nothings” American Party

25. Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) Restricted immigration from China National Origin Quotas Gentlemen’s Agreement – U.S./Japan (1907) U.S. agrees to allow Japanese immigrants into U.S. public schools Japan promises to restrict immigration Webb Alien Land Law (1913) California law Prohibits aliens from owning land Nativist Laws

26. Thomas Nast: Catholic INvasion

27. Thomas Nast: Irish Mob Rule

28. Chinese Exclusion Act, 1882

29. Immigration Today

30. New Ethnic Neighborhoods

31. Theories of Culture Melting Pot Assimilation Salad Bowl Pluralism

32. Chinatown • San Francisco • Los Angeles • New York City

33. Hester Street

34. St. Patrick’s Cathedral

35. St. Patrick’s Cathedral

36. “Little Italy”

37. The Lives of Immigrants

38. Tenements • One or more families living in a small apartment • Poor sanitation & ventilation

39. Tenements

40. Tenements

41. Dumbbell Tenement

42. Immigrant Families

43. Sweatshops • Urban factories with poor wages & working conditions

44. Jacob Riis • How the Other Half Lives (1890) • Described the working and living conditions of immigrants • First “muckraker”

45. Jane Addams • Settlement houses • Educated, trained Americans • Living in poor immigrant communities • Art, education, economic development • Hull House, Chicago

46. Hull House

47. Horatio Alger • Dime Novels • The American Dream • Honesty & hard work • “Rags to riches” stories

48. Labor Stirrings “Eight hours for work, Eight hours for rest, Eight hours for what we will.”

49. “Gotham” New York City

50. Skyscrapers • Office buildings • Symbols of the corporations themselves • Architects • Function • Aesthetics