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JCOMM Observations Programme Area

JCOMM Observations Programme Area. Report to Ship Observations Team (SOT-IV) Geneva, 16-21 April 2007 Mike Johnson Observations Programme Area Coordinator. photo courtesy of MeteoFrance. The Plan is in place GCOS-92: International GOOS GEOSS Ocean Baseline UNFCCC Priority

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JCOMM Observations Programme Area

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  1. JCOMMObservations Programme Area Report to Ship Observations Team (SOT-IV) Geneva, 16-21 April 2007 Mike Johnson Observations Programme Area Coordinator photo courtesy of MeteoFrance

  2. The Plan is in place • GCOS-92: • International GOOS • GEOSS Ocean Baseline • UNFCCC Priority • G8 Commitment Implement the ocean domain of GCOS-92: JCOMM is identified as the implementing agent for 21 specific actions. Observations Programme Area

  3. The organizing framework is in place As of September 2005, all six global in situ implementation programs are now linked internationally through WMO/IOC JCOMM coordination

  4. Initial Global Ocean Observing System for ClimateStatus against the GCOS Implementation Plan and JCOMM targets 57% January 2007 Total in situ networks 57% 100% 42% 81% 81% 43% 66% 21% 48% • A total of 5635 platforms are • maintained globally.

  5. GCOS-92 Implementation Targets are designed for climate but also serve global weather prediction, global and coastal ocean prediction, marine transportation, marine hazards warning, marine environmental monitoring, naval applications, and many other non-climate users. • Tide gauge stations • Surface Drifting Buoys • Tropical Moored Buoys • Profiling Floats • Ships of Opportunity • Ocean Reference Stations • Ocean Carbon Networks • Arctic Observing System • Dedicated Ship Support • Data & Assimilation Subsystems • Management and Product Delivery • Satellites -- SST, Surface Topography, Wind, Color, Sea Ice 8 of 9 GEOSS Societal Benefits

  6. Multi-year Phased Implementation Plan (International targets presented at JCOMM-II -- representative milestones) 2001 2002 2010 2000 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 170 Real-time Stations, Initial GCOS Subset 51 56 67 67 69 126 148 79 91 106 Tide Gauge Stations 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250 975 Number of buoys 807 671 779 787 Surface Drifting Buoys 119 97 104 115 Number of moorings 83 86 91 77 77 79 79 Tropical Moored Buoys 200 200 200 200 Number of ships recruited 180 0 0 150 108 112 VOS Clim Ships 60 51 51 51 High resolution & frequently repeated lines occupied 23 24 44 49 39 Ships of Opportunity 26 26 27 3000 3000 3000 3000 3000 20 31 544 2300 Number of floats 1572 Argo Floats 923 89 Observatories, flux, and ocean transport stations 15 29 35 37 78 49 54 60 41 42 Reference Stations 31 Repeat Sections Completed, One inventory per 10 years 28 0 0 1 4 20 23 15 17 Ocean Carbon Network 9 Initial Ocean Observing System Milestones 57 JCOMM-I JCOMM-II 99 88 77 66 60 48 55 System % Complete Total System 40 45 30 34 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

  7. Progress

  8. Systems Approach to Standard Mapping and Reporting 2003 2005 Standard Baser Map: Equidistant Cylindrical Projection, 90N to 90S, broken at 30 E

  9. Surface Drifting Buoys 1250 sustained array (achieved) Milestone 18 September 2005 • Users Workshop (March 2006) • Implement hourly reporting • Need barometers on all drifters • (presently 407)

  10. Tropical Moored Buoys • TAO/TRITON sustained • PIRATA Extensions implemented • Indian Ocean Array getting started

  11. Argo Profiling Float Array 2851 active floats -- will reach 3000 by mid-2007

  12. Deploying and maintaining 89 Ocean Reference Stations (42 now in service)

  13. GCOS Climate Reference Network of Tide Gauge Stations By the end of 2007 most of the 170 Climate Reference Tide Gauge Stations Will Provide Marine Hazards Warning in Real Time

  14. Integrating tsunami buoys into GOOS (JCOMM DBCP and OceanSITES) Chilean Tsunami Buoy being deployed during a U.S. Climate mission Met sensors installed by USA on the Chilean tsunami buoy: October 2006 Sites where Tsunami and Climate plans overlap -- potential for coordination Sites where Climate missions already deploy tsunami buoys routinely

  15. PX38 AX03 AX10 AX07 PX37 PX40 AX20 PX44 PX10 AX34 AX11 PX18 PX21 PX09 PX31 PX11 IX10 PX04 AX29 PX05 PX13 IX08 PX17 AX15 IX09S IX07 IX06 PX02 AX08 IX01 IX22 PX81 IX12 PX30 PX08 PX06 IX21 IX15 PX50 AX18 PX34 AX25 IX28 AX22 PX36 41 of 51 UOT XBT lines now occupied Note : AX08 is Under sampled in FRX Mode • JCOMM-II authorized a Trust Fund for • Consumables for Ship-Based Observations • Trust fund managed by WMO • Initially focused on XBTs • Expenditures to be authorized by Chair, SOT

  16. PX38 AX03 AX10 AX07 PX37 PX40 AX20 PX44 PX10 AX34 AX11 PX18 PX21 PX09 PX31 PX11 IX10 PX04 AX29 PX05 PX13 IX08 PX17 AX15 IX09S IX07 IX06 PX02 AX08 IX01 IX22 PX81 IX12 PX30 PX08 PX06 IX21 IX15 PX50 AX18 PX34 AX25 IX28 AX22 PX36 Note : AX08 is Under sampled in FRX Mode 910 VOS reporting at least 25 obs/month

  17. PX38 AX03 AX10 AX07 PX37 PX40 AX20 PX44 PX10 AX34 AX11 PX18 PX21 PX09 PX31 PX11 IX10 PX04 AX29 PX05 PX13 IX08 PX17 AX15 IX09S IX07 IX06 PX02 AX08 IX01 IX22 PX81 IX12 PX30 PX08 PX06 IX21 IX15 PX50 AX18 PX34 AX25 IX28 AX22 PX36 Note : AX08 is Under sampled in FRX Mode 622 ASAP obs/month

  18. Measuring Ocean Carbon Sources and Sinks • 1. Inventory 10-year survey • 2. Ships of opportunity • Network design underway • 3. Moored buoy time series 38% complete

  19. Water Temperature Metadata Pilot Project (META-T PP) • Workshop: Reading, March 2006 • Considered user requirements for real-time metadata: • NWP, SST analysis, GHRSST, data assimilation and ocean analysis, ocean modeling, model validation, climate forecasting satellite cal/val, diagnostics by platform operators • Reviewed all in situ systems delivering SST and Temperature Profiles • GTSPP, GOSUD, Argo, DBCP, SOT, OceanSITES, ODAS • Proposed three categories of metadata: • Metadate required for real-time distribution with the observational data • Metadata required for real-time but not necessarily transmitted with the observations (available via servers) • Metadata not required in real-time • National Marine Data & Information Service of China (NMDIS) volunteered to host metadata servers for the pilot project. • NDBC (USA) will also consider hosting a mirror server.

  20. Observing System Monitoring

  21. JCOMMOPSProduct Delivery

  22. Observing System Status: 2006, Q4. Error in Global Measurement of Sea Surface Temperature Requirement: 0.2°C - 0.5°C accuracy; 500km horizontal resolution; 25 samples per week (GOOS/GCOS, 1999) Performance Measure: Reduce the error in global measurement of Sea Surface Temperature Metric: Potential satellite bias error (degrees Celsius) Ship observations not shown 100 80 Requirement: All boxes blue Drifting Buoys Moored Buoys Ships Total Goal: 100% Global Coverage 60 40 20 0 Drifting Buoys + Moored Buoys + Weighted Ship Observations Percent of 5x5 Boxes with 25 Observations per Week

  23. Observing System Status: 2006, Q4 Temperature Profiles Sampling requirements: 1 profile Every 10 days In every 3 x 3 º BATHY (mostly XBTs) TRACKOB (surface underway data) TESAC (mostly Argo floats) BUOY (moored and drifting) Requirement: All boxes blue Goal: 100% Global Coverage

  24. Observing System Status: 2006, Q4 Salinity Profiles Sampling requirements: 1 profile Every 10 days In every 3 x 3 º BATHY (mostly XBTs) TRACKOB (surface underway data) TESAC (mostly Argo floats) BUOY (moored and drifting) Requirement: All boxes blue Goal: 100% Global Coverage

  25. Observing System Status: 2006, Q4 Sea Surface Salinity Sampling requirements: 1 observation Every 10 days In every 2 x 2 º BATHY (mostly XBTs) TRACKOB (surface underway data) TESAC (mostly Argo floats) BUOY (moored and drifting) Requirement: All boxes blue Goal: 100% Global Coverage

  26. Observing System Monitoring Center Near-real-time tool for system statistics and data (Data from GTS. Web sources by May 2007) • Sort by: • Platform type • Variables being sampled • Time frame • Contributing Country • Drill down for platform metadata and real-time data.

  27. 481 Ships reporting two days ago Location security: Ship observations are not available for the most recent 48 hours.

  28. Australia had 141 Platforms reporting during the past month

  29. Test Version 2.00 beta: www.jcommops.org/network_status

  30. Volunteer Observing Ships:The Backbone of theGlobal Ocean Observing System

  31. Thank You SOT photo courtesy of MeteoFrance

  32. - Looking to the Future -JCOMM Observing Platform Support Center (JCOMMOPS)(presently supporting DBCP, SOT, Argo) • Roundtable, May 2006: representatives from the OCG, DBCP,SOT, GLOSS, Argo, OceanSITES, IOCCP, POGO • Agreed value and mutual benefit in evolving toward a Global Observing Program Support Center. • Estimate seven personnel needed versus the present two working at JCOMMOPS. • Shared benefit, shared responsibility: the Systems benefiting should pay in proportion to their demand for JCOMMOPS services. • Consider possible relocation of JCOMMOPS to a national center that might be interested in hosting an international center, and furnish in-kind contributions and additional support. • JCOMM Management Committee (07 October, Geneva): OCG will develop requirements/specifications for future JCOMMOPS evolution and call for proposals -- April 2007. 5635 Platforms 68 Counties

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