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Technical and design issues in implementation

Technical and design issues in implementation. Dr. Mohamed Ally Director and Professor Centre for Distance Education Athabasca University Canada New Zealand Presentation January 2010. Examples of Educational Activities using Mobile Technology. Make a concept map summarizing a chapter

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Technical and design issues in implementation

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  1. Technical and design issues in implementation Dr. Mohamed Ally Director and Professor Centre for Distance Education Athabasca University Canada New Zealand Presentation January 2010

  2. Examples of Educational Activities using Mobile Technology • Make a concept map summarizing a chapter • Keep track of class schedules, assignments, and grades • Increase content accessibility for those with disabilities • Use a tutorial for self-study • Take part in a collaborative simulation • Do research on the web • Participate in a collaborative project • Track a community service learning project

  3. How mobile technology help in Education • Education is more than one way delivery of information • Interactive • Support • Practice • Practical application • Build learning communities

  4. Interactivity in Learning • Object interactivity (proactive inquiry) - objects (buttons, people, things) are activated by using a keypad or other pointing device. • Linear interactivity (reactive pacing) - the user is able to move (forwards or backwards) through a predetermined linear sequence. • Support interactivity (reactive inquiry) - generalized and context-sensitive support (help messages and tutorial supports).

  5. Interactivity (cont’d) • Update Interactivity - individual application components or events in which a dialogue is initiated between the learner and mobile-generated content (practice with feedback) • Construct Interactivity - the creation of an instructional environment in which the learner is required to manipulate component objects to achieve specific goals (assemble an apparatus). • Reflective Interactivity - text responses to prompts or questions where learners can reflect on their response and make their own judgment as to its accuracy or correctness.

  6. Interactivity (cont’d) • Simulation Interactivity - extends the role of the learner to that of controller or operator, where individual selections determine the learning sequence. • Hyperlinked Interactivity (proactive navigation) - the learner has access to a wealth of information, and may "travel" at will through that knowledge base.

  7. Interactivity (cont’d) • Non-Immersive Contextual Interactivity - extends the various interactive levels into a complete virtual learning environment (mutual elaboration) in which the learner is able to work in a meaningful, job-related context. • Immersive Virtual Interactivity - provides an interactive environment in which the learner is projected into a complete mobile-generated world which responds to individual movement and actions.

  8. Why Mobile Learning at Athabasca University Course material accessible on mobile devices. Need to find out if this was meeting student requirements. The purpose of this study was to determine the devices being used by students, their experience with course materials access, and how useful they thought using mobile devices to access course materials was.

  9. Delivering to Specific Devices Device detection had been problematic because new devices and mobile OSs and browsers were constantly coming on stream. Created problems for the device detection scheme used to determine the mobile device: String user_agent = request.getHeader("user-agent"); Changed to JavaScript to determine screen real estate: if (screen.width >= 800) { document.write('<style type=\"text/css\">…..

  10. Stylesheet Delivery If screen size < 800, delivers style sheet meant for mobile device If the screen size is >= 800, delivers the full stylesheet

  11. Multimedia Displays Delivery of alternate graphics to mobile devices Device detection also implemented for applets, flash, large graphics, etc.

  12. Research Project Intelligent Agent to Adapt Course Materials for Mobile Learners

  13. In mobile learning students use mobile devices to access course materials; however, these devices operate in different ways and have different capabilities • Need a system to identify the device so course material to be delivered in heterogeneous computing platforms

  14. This project developed an intelligent software agent capable of adapting to the heterogeneous mobile computing environment.

  15. Agent Characteristics • The agent can search for a conversion tool according to the desired format and convert the course materials automatically. • The agent is able to understand mobile clients’ capabilities.

  16. Process • Jena as an RDF (Resource Description Framework) parser was used to obtain the device information, providing a query language called Resource Description Query Language (RDQL, 2005) to query for device information. • Sun's Wireless Toolkit and PalmOS Emulator were used as the testing environment. • An open and service-oriented architecture was used to develop the agent and open application interfaces to enable interaction and integration seamlessly between learning objects repository, course repository, and learning services.

  17. Design Considerations • Software Portability. A Java-based cross-platform software framework is one of the most important features in this project. • Limited Computing Power and Memory Consumption. We designed computing intensive tasks to execute on the server side. The portable computing devices act as a thin client. • Display Properties. The system provides support for different devices by separating the presentation layer from the data content. A number of different devices can be supported without the need of modifying programming logic and data content.

  18. Design Flexibility and Scalability. The system is designed in a distributed architecture that prevents a single point of failure, improves structural scalability and performance. • Caching to Save on Limited Resources.With the support of the caching design, users can read the cached course notes on the device to avoid additional downloads. • Software Agent Support.Software agents can be used to facilitate automated routine tasks, residing in both the client device and the server environment.

  19. The overall architectural diagram

  20. Activity Diagram: Client Server Negotiation

  21. Questions for the Component Attribute Criteria

  22. Steps in the Device Recognition • The server agent will try to recognize the device by its vendor and device names. If the server agent cannot find that device directly from the database, it will try to recognize the device by the component attributes.

  23. What is Next? Mobile Libraries Mobile social software Personal learning spaces LMS integration (Moodle) Student modeling and adaptive learning

  24. Conclusion • Must deliver courses on a variety of technology • Cater for the younger generations • Improve access with mobile learning • Reach out to the indigenous and remote people

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