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A Failed Peace

A Failed Peace. Chapter 29 Section 4. I Allies Meet at Versailles A. Wilson’s Plan for Peace. Allied powers meet in Versailles for the Paris Peace Conference Big Four made decisions = Woodrow Wilson/Clemenceau (France)/David George (GB)/Orlando (Italy)

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A Failed Peace

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  1. A Failed Peace Chapter 29 Section 4

  2. I Allies Meet at VersaillesA. Wilson’s Plan for Peace • Allied powers meet in Versailles for the Paris Peace Conference • Big Four made decisions = Woodrow Wilson/Clemenceau (France)/David George (GB)/Orlando (Italy) • Russia not represented – in middle of civil war • Germany and its allies also not represented

  3. Wilson’s Fourteen Points = plan for achieving just and lasting peace • First 5 points  ending secret treaties, freedom of seas/trade/& reducing national armies & navies • 6th – 13th  specific suggestions for changing borders & creating new nations • SELF DETERMINATION guided all points • Allowing ppl to decide for themselves which gov’t they wished to live under • 14th point  “a general association of nations” that would protect large and small nations • Reflects his hope for future peace negotiations & avoiding war

  4. B. Allies Dictate a Harsh Peace • GB & France show little sign of agreeing to Wilson’s plan Treaty of Versailles • Agree to Wilson's 14th point = League of Nations internat’l org. who's job was to keep peace among nations • 5 allied powers perm. members of the exec. Council • General assembly made up of allied & neutral nations • Germany & Russia were excluded

  5. Punished Germany • lost large piece of territory  terr. In Africa & Pacific were declared mandates • restricted in its military operations • “war guilt” clause = places sole responsibility for the war on Germany

  6. As a result of the war guilt clause  Germany had to pay reparations to the allies

  7. C. The Creation of New Nations • New countries created from former Austro-Hungarian Empire • Austria/Hungary/Czechoslovakia, & Yugoslavia  Independent • Ottoman Turks gave up almost all its land except modern day Turkey • Ottoman land in south west were mandates rather then independent nations • Pakistan, Iraq, under GB control • Syria & Lebanon under French control • Russia alienated by the allies also lost land • Finland, Estonia, Latvia, & Lithuania now independent

  8. D. “A Peace Built on Quicksand” • Treaty of Versailles did little to keep the peace • US (dominant power after the war) doesn’t sign the treaty • Best hope for peace was ISOLATIONISM – stay out of Euro affairs • War Guilt  left legacy of bitterness and hatred among Germans • Other countries felt betrayed or cheated (Russia) • Mandated countries upset they didn’t gain independence • Japan & Italy (allies) upset they didn’t gain more land from war • ALL LEAD TO ANOTHER WORLD WAR

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