Chapter #5 & #6 Exam Review Notes

1. Chapter #5 & #6 Exam Review Notes

2. Matching Chapter #5 • Turnpike • Enterprise • Tenement • James Watt • Proletariat • Robert Owen • Anesthetic • Urbanization • Entrepreneurs • Jeremy Bentham

3. Multiple ChoiceChapter #5 • Land enclosure in the 1600s and 1700s resulted in… • Abraham Darby made better quality iron by… • Steam became an efficient power source because of improvements made by… • The slave trade contributed to the rise of industry in Britain by… • The development of steam power enabled the growth of… • In what ways were railroads improvements over canals? • The putting out system was a method of… • Theo people who lived in tenements in industrial cities were part of the…

4. Laws called “factory acts” were passed in the early 1800s to… • Most early factory workers were women because… • Long term result of the Industrial Revolution… • According to laissez faire economists, the cure for poverty was… • Jeremy Bentham believed that… • According to socialists, the solution to poverty and injustice was… • Which group established communities where all work is shared and all property is owned in common?

5. MatchingChapter #6 • temperance movement • urban renewal • Alfred Nobel • Claude Monet • Louis Pasteur • Ludwig Van Beethoven • Guglielmo Marconi • women’s suffrage • stock • standard of living

6. Multiple ChoiceChapter #6 • Japan lacked many basic resources, yet industrialized rapidly after 1868 because… • Today’s electric generators work on the same principle as the dynamo invented by… • A production method in which workers repeatedly perform one task in the manufacturing process… • The population in Europe exploded between 1800 and 1900 in large part because… • The popular saying, “A man’s home is his castle” reflected what middle-class value of the late 1800s? • The purpose of Normal Schools was to train students to be… • Englishman John Dalton made an important breakthrough in chemistry by showing that…

7. What theory applied the idea of natural selection to the development of business and society? • Romanticism can be described as a revolt against the Enlightenment’s emphasis on… • An artist of the mid-1800s who portrayed the harsh lives of slum dwellers was probably using what artistic style? • What limited the effectiveness of women involved in the temperance movement? • Who discovered that sterilizing surgical instruments with antiseptics would help prevent infection? • The Bessemer process was a method for producing… • In the late 1800s, what did Charles Lyell accomplish? • A company that sells ownership shares to many investors is a…

8. Short Essay • Chapter 5: Discuss how technological change and population growth launched the Industrial Revolution in Britain. • Chapter 6: Briefly summarize the theory of Social Darwinism. To what extent do you think that this was a correct or incorrect application of Darwin’s ideas?