Emancipation Proclamation:

1. Emancipation Proclamation: • Document that frees the slaves in the south only

2. EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION • Freed all slaves in states in rebellion against the US • Did not apply to slaves in border states fighting for US • No affect on southern areas already under US control. • War was NOW fought to end slavery. • US soldiers were “Freedom Fighters”

3. BLACK TROOPS Black troops • Over 200,000 freed slaves fought for the US….. • Famous 54th Black Regiment of Massachusetts which was organized by Frederick Douglass…..

4. Impact on Future Conflicts • Expanding battlefield due to new technology. • Defense is favored. • fortification. • Beginnings of trend toward dispersal and increased “individual” combat. • Shift to Total War • Whole government had to be removed for success. • Civil and military “targets”. • Sherman’s March to the Sea. • Emancipation Proclamation.

5. Why did the North win? • In an essay some years ago, Richard Current suggested that "God was on the side of the heaviest battalions," but is that a complete explanation? • What other factors contributed to the outcome? Bring together these factors, and, after a careful analysis, determine why the North did win.

6. LINCOLN'S "NECESSARY" ACTIONS • During the war Lincoln breaks the law! • Closed “rebel” newspapers: Violated 1st amendment rights of “free speech and press”.

7. LINCOLN'S "NECESSARY" ACTIONS • Suspends the writ of habeas corpus: Protects from unfair arrest and trial by jury. • Arrested over 15,000 civilians: Without “probable cause”---suspicious “Rebel” sympathizers. • Occupation of Baltimore: Controlled by military---- “martial law”

8. Assassination of Lincoln On April 14, 1865, Booth shot President Lincoln while he was watching a play at Ford’s Theater.

10. Lincoln’s death

11. Sketch of Lincoln’s death

13. Lincoln’s death

15. Picture: Lincoln’s Assassination

16. PRESIDENT ANDREW JOHNSON • Lincoln’s 2nd Vice president • Governor from confederate Tennessee • Was a democrat, southern and unpopular with Congress • Lincoln chose him as his VP to help with the South’s Reconstruction. • Was the wrong man at the wrong time to be president….

17. Reconstruction The rebuilding of the South after the Civil war destroyed it.

19. How did the Civil War affect the south? • Many cities in the south were destroyed, that had to be rebuilt. The war had a greater affect on the south.

21. Richmond Virginia- The former capitol of the Confederacy

23. What did the south look like?

24. What did the south look like?

25. Reconstruction Plans

26. Lincoln’s Plan: • "With malice toward none, with charity for all." • He wanted to reunite the north and south

27. Lincoln/Johnson’s Plan: • 10% Plan- Once ten percent of a southern state's 1860 voters had to take an oath of loyalty to rejoin the Union.

28. Radical Republicans: • Northerners in Congress who wanted serious changes. • Believed the South should be punished for starting the war.

29. Radical Republicans RADICAL REPUBLICANS Thaddeus Stevens Charles Summner • Wanted to the see the South punished. • Advocated help for Freedmen: • Political Voting rights • Social  Schools • Economic Equality Land, jobs (40 acres and a mule)

30. RADICAL REPUBLICANS Charles Summner Thaddeus Stevens • Would go after President Johnson through the impeachment process after he vetoes the Civil Rights Act of 1866.

31. Radical Republicans: • 1.Blacks should vote. (radical idea) • 2.Wanted to take rich southerners property • 3. A majority (50%) of southerners must swear loyalty.

32. 2a. How did Lincoln’s plan differ from the Wade-Davis bill? • Lincoln’s plan  Forgiveness • Only 10% had to pledge loyalty to the union. • Wade-Davis Revenge • 50% had to pledge loyalty • No men who fought for the confederacy could run for office.

33. Jim Crow Laws: • Similar to Black Codes, Jim Crow laws are also known as “Negro Laws” that segregate society or separate society by race.

34. Segregation • Separating people of different races in public places. • (Jim Crow = segregation laws)

35. Segregation

36. Segregation = Jim Crow laws

38. Examples of Jim Crow Laws

39. Segregation = Jim Crow laws

40. Segregation = Jim Crow laws

41. Segregation = Jim Crow laws

42. Segregation = Jim Crow laws

43. Segregation = Jim Crow laws

44. Conservative Democrats • Southerners who did not want change. • Many were former Confederate soldiers who did not want Blacks to vote.

45. Conservative Democrats • Many eventually become part of the Klu Klux Klan (KKK)

46. Conservative Democrats • The KKK used terror tactics to keep blacks from voting.

47. Military Reconstruction Act of 1867 • To enforce Reconstruction laws in the south. • Divided the south into 5 military districts.

49. Military Reconstruction Act

50. Freedman's Bureau  • Government agency designed to help the freed slaves