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Strategies for Neglected Infections Diseases The example of Diphthéria

This study assesses the prevalence of diphtheria vaccination among a population of workers and highlights the need for booster vaccinations.

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Strategies for Neglected Infections Diseases The example of Diphthéria

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  1. BIT’S 7th World Congress of vaccine /WCV 2015 Nanjing China Strategies for Neglected Infections DiseasesThe example of Diphthéria F. DESCHAMPS Dept Occupational Health Medicine Faculty Reims - France

  2. BIT’S 7th World Congress of vaccine /WCV 2015 Nanjing China History From Greek : Diphtheria meaning leather 1613 : Spain, epidemie of diphtheria (the year of strangulation) 1883 : Edwin Klebs identified the bacterium 1890 : immunization of guinea pig with heat-treated diphtheria toxin

  3. BIT’S 7th World Congress of vaccine /WCV 2015 Nanjing China Twenty century 1920 s’ : 100 000 to 200 000 cases / per year (USA) 1943 : 1 million cases in Europe (50 000 deaths) 1949 : 68 children died after diphtheria immunization ( improper aluminium phosphate toxoid) 1994 : 40 000 cases in the Russian Federation

  4. BIT’S 7th World Congress of vaccine /WCV 2015 Nanjing China Today 2010 : cases in Port au Prince (earth quake) 2013 : -> Subsaharan African - > India - > Indonésia (around 47 000 cases in the world)

  5. BIT’S 7th World Congress of vaccine /WCV 2015 Nanjing China The Disease (different severities) infection caused by corynebacterium diphtheria (Death 5 to 10 %) symptoms (mild to severe) - > sore throat - > fever - > cough - > blocking airways (possibility inflammation nerves, kidneys, myocarditis …)

  6. BIT’S 7th World Congress of vaccine /WCV 2015 Nanjing China Contamination - > direct contact - > throught the air - > by objects

  7. BIT’S 7th World Congress of vaccine /WCV 2015 Nanjing China Mechanism - > diphtheria toxin - > binding to the cell surface - > internalization of the toxin - > inhibition of synthesis of new proteins

  8. BIT’S 7th World Congress of vaccine /WCV 2015 Nanjing China Aim The goal of this study is to assess the prevalence of diphtheria vaccination among a population of workers

  9. BIT’S 7th World Congress of vaccine /WCV 2015 Nanjing China Methodology The study was conducted among a miscellaneous population of French workers Cross sectional study Recruited from a medical occupational center (periodic medical examination)

  10. BIT’S 7th World Congress of vaccine /WCV 2015 Nanjing China Methodology population including Housemaids police officers technicians administrative agents electricians healthcare workers other jobs …….

  11. BIT’S 7th World Congress of vaccine /WCV 2015 Nanjing China Methodology Medical occupational examination (each year , or more in relationship with occupational risk exposure) Data were obtained from * personal file * medical occupational file

  12. BIT’S 7th World Congress of vaccine /WCV 2015 Nanjing China Results Representative sample of a population of workers

  13. BIT’S 7th World Congress of vaccine /WCV 2015 Nanjing China Results 3000 workers (representative sample of a population of workers)

  14. BIT’S 7th World Congress of vaccine /WCV 2015 Nanjing China Table 1 : Diphtheria vaccination coverage in relationship with high occupational risk exposure percentage (22.5%) (22.5 %) (55 %) Vaccination status

  15. BIT’S 7th World Congress of vaccine /WCV 2015 Nanjing China Table 2 : Diphtheria vaccination coverage in relationship with medium occupational risk exposure percentage (50 %) (25 %) (25 %) Vaccination status

  16. BIT’S 7th World Congress of vaccine /WCV 2015 Nanjing China Table 3 : Diphtheria vaccination coverage in relationship with low occupational risk exposure percentage (46 %) (33%) (21%) Vaccination status

  17. BIT’S 7th World Congress of vaccine /WCV 2015 Nanjing China Discussion There is significant vaccination gap against diphtheria Half of the population has none or unknown vaccination against diphtheria

  18. BIT’S 7th World Congress of vaccine /WCV 2015 Nanjing China Discussion Level of vaccination against diphtheria is independant of occupational risk exposure

  19. BIT’S 7th World Congress of vaccine /WCV 2015 Nanjing China Discussion Booster vaccination coverage against diphtheria is recommended for all workers

  20. BIT’S 7th World Congress of vaccine /WCV 2015 Nanjing China Conclusion The goal is to obtain a coverage rate to acceptably level of 90 %

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