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Irrigation Decisions and Water Conservation

Irrigation Decisions and Water Conservation. Mark Holler Camalie Vineyards/Networks 3/9/10. Simple Approach to Water Conservation. If the soil is wet enough in the root zone don’t irrigate. Where are the roots taking up water? How wet is the soil there? How wet is wet enough?.

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Irrigation Decisions and Water Conservation

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  1. Irrigation Decisions and Water Conservation Mark Holler Camalie Vineyards/Networks 3/9/10

  2. Simple Approach to Water Conservation If the soil is wet enough in the root zone don’t irrigate. Where are the roots taking up water? How wet is the soil there? How wet is wet enough?

  3. Optimal Irrigation Goals* • Best possible grape quality • Negligible or positive impact on yield • Minimal water use, pumping energy Grape Quality Improves when Vines are water stressed. Premium Quality production and Water Conservation are compatible. *Napa County

  4. Irrigation Decision Process Controlled Stress Irrigation (CSI) Vine Stress (Leaf Water Potential) Shoot tip visuals Vine Stress Target Soil Moisture Tension Grower, Vineyard Manager or Irrigation Consultant Vapor Pressure Deficit Weather Forecast Soil moisture Tension profile, Weather History ETc Application Logistics Gallons/vine Quality/Yield Goals Age of Vines, Vigor Water Supply Budget Durations, Intervals Cultivar/RootStock Root Depth Soil Type/Profile (Water transport/holding characteristics)

  5. Vine Model

  6. Estimating Vine Stress Using Easily Monitored External Parameters Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 58:2 (2007) M.Holler ASEV Poster 2007

  7. Monitoring • Many systems are available • All can measure soil moisture and weather. • Web access to real time data • Alerts to cell phone • Costs dropping <$1K/station now with sensors

  8. Case Study 2009 Edgar Lantz -- Sam Brannan Vineyards 60% water saving

  9. Soil Moisture Data Whole Season

  10. Block to Block Variation 6 week difference in start times 3x difference in Irr. Frequency Target 24-36” SMT= 150cBar

  11. Conclusion • Know where and how much water is in your soil • You will use less water • Soil Moisture Monitoring is key • Its getting to be inexpensive and convenient

  12. Back up Foils

  13. Frost Event • 7 degree spread spread across the vineyard • Hillside warmest

  14. Multi-Vineyard Coverage Camalie Vineyards and Konrad Vineyards 23 node network 1-3 nodes/irrigation block.

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