Parts of Speech Review

1. Parts of Speech Review Ms. Logan English I

2. Each part of speech explains not what the word is, but how the word is used. In fact, the same word can be a noun in one sentence and a verb or adjective in the next. IT IS NOT ABOUT ATTACHING ONE PART OF SPEECH TO ONE PARTICULAR WORD. HOW IS THE WORD USED IN CONTEXT OF THE SENTENCE?

3. Traditional grammar classifies words based on eight parts of speech: the verb, the noun, the pronoun, the adjective, the adverb, the preposition, the conjunction, and the interjection.

4. VERB The verb is perhaps the most important part of the sentence. A verb or compound verb asserts something about the subject of the sentence and express actions, events, or states of being. The verb or compound verb is the critical element of the predicate of a sentence. WHAT ARE THE ACTION WORDS???

5. Noun/Pronoun • Nouns act as the subjects, concrete items, emotions, abstracts, and objects in the sentence. • Pronouns can take the places of nouns. • Can be used in a prepositional phrase.

6. The noun is the car. The verb is the wheels. One must provide the object, one must provide the action.

7. ADJECTIVE • An adjective modifies a noun or a pronoun by describing, identifying, or quantifying words. An adjective usually precedes the noun or the pronoun which it modifies. Its job is to describe the noun. • To continue the car analogy, the adjective is the sales sticker on the car.

8. ADVERB • An adverb can modify a verb, an adjective, another adverb, a phrase, or a clause. An adverb indicates manner, time, place, cause, or degree and answers questions such as "how," "when," "where," "how much". • While some adverbs can be identified by their characteristic "ly" suffix, most of them must be identified by untangling the grammatical relationships within the sentence or clause as a whole. Unlike an adjective, an adverb can be found in various places within the sentence.

9. Our car now needs directions (where, how, when?). The adverb provides them.

10. PREPOSITION • A preposition links nouns, pronouns and phrases to other words in a sentence. The word or phrase that the preposition introduces is called the object of the preposition. • A preposition usually indicates the temporal, spatial or logical relationship of its object to the rest of the sentence as in the following examples: • The book is on the table. The book is beneath the table. The book is leaning against the table. The book is beside the table. She held the book over the table. She read the book during class.

11. Examples • The most common prepositions are "about," "above," "across," "after," "against," "along," "among," "around," "at," "before," "behind," "below," "beneath," "beside," "between," "beyond," "but," "by," "despite," "down," "during," "except," "for," "from," "in," "inside," "into," "like," "near," "of," "off," "on," "onto," "out," "outside," "over," "past," "since," "through," "throughout," "till," "to," "toward," "under," "underneath," "until," "up," "upon," "with," "within," and "without."

12. The preposition is compass on the map. Where is the car in relation to something else on the map? IN BESIDE ON AROUND

13. CONJUNCTION You can use a conjunction to link words, phrases, and clauses.

14. The conjunction is the tow truck nice enough to come get you after your rude interjections.

15. INTERJECTION • An interjection is a word added to a sentence to convey emotion. It is not grammatically related to any other part of the sentence. • You usually follow an interjection with an exclamation mark. Interjections are uncommon in formal academic prose, except in direct quotations.

16. Examples • Ouch, that hurt! • Oh no, I forgot that the exam was today. • Hey! Put that down!

17. The interjection is the exclamation points and questions marks that appear above your head in cartoon after someone smashes your brand new car!!!