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Intro to Substance Abuse

Intro to Substance Abuse. Drugs and Addiction. Each student will: Discuss the cycle of addiction Reason why teens are more likely to develop addiction over adults. What are drugs?. A chemical substance that: affects the processes of the mind or body;

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Intro to Substance Abuse

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  1. Intro to Substance Abuse Drugs and Addiction

  2. Each student will: • Discuss the cycle of addiction • Reason why teens are more likely to develop addiction over adults.

  3. What are drugs? A chemical substance that: • affects the processes of the mind or body; • may be used in the diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of disease, • used recreationally for its effects on the central nervous system.

  4. Why can drugs be bad for your mind and body? • Drugs used for medical purposes can be beneficial but still can have negative effects • Drugs alter the chemical state of a person’s mind and body. • They affect a person’s • Appearance • Physical health • Social life • Financial life

  5. What are gateway drugs? A gateway drug is a drug that opens the door to other, harder drug use. What are examples of gateway drugs? Alcohol, Tobacco, Marijuana

  6. Types of Drugs • Drugs can be separated into Types and Categories • Types of Drugs: • Prescription Drugs • Over-the-Counter (OTC) Drugs • Recreational Drugs • alcohol, tobacco, caffeine • Illicit Drugs • Illegal • Most are psychoactive – changes brain chemistry

  7. Categories of Drugs • Stimulants • Depressants • Opiates • Hallucinogens • Designer Drugs • Inhalants • Steroids

  8. Your Lifeline… Examine the meaningful events that will happen to you in your lifetime. • Along the lifeline place all the significant events that have ALREADY occurred at the appropriate age. • Also place the events that will occur during your lifetime. (Dreams, Goals, Plans). Place these events along the line at the age you estimate they will occur.

  9. Lifeline Reflection Gateway drug use often lead to harder drug use. If you became an addict and wasted all you time and money worrying about drugs, how would that affect your lifeline?

  10. Teen Addiction

  11. Methods of Administration Changes in Brain chemistry occur dependent on the method of administration. Methods include: • Oral Ingestion • Injection (can be into the intramuscular or intravenous) • Smoke • Inhalation • Absorption The quicker the drug reaches the brain the more likely the user is to become addicted.

  12. Synapses…

  13. How Addiction Happens… • Once a drug reaches the brain, it acts on one or more neurotransmitters, either increasing or decreasing their concentration and actions. • Neurotransmitters include substances such as serotonin and dopamine that are released from your brain to make you feel good.

  14. Dopamine and Serotonin

  15. Addiction Besides drugs what else could someone be addicted to?

  16. Potato Chip Activity • How does it feel to stop after just one chip? • How many of you would like another chip? • How do cravings for potato chips differ from cravings for tobacco, alcohol or other drugs? • How might your body react if you stopped eating potato chips? • What if you stopped using tobacco, alcohol, or some other drug after you are addicted?

  17. Dopamine and the brain

  18. Downward Spiral of Addiction Experimentation Recreational or Social Use Tolerance Compulsive Craving Addiction Withdrawal

  19. Downward Spiral of Addiction Use of a substance just to see what it is like; Peers, family, media may all be an influence Experimentation

  20. Downward Spiral of Addiction Use of a substance makes user feel good; think he/she is having fun and fitting in which often leads to using more frequently Recreational or Social Use

  21. Downward Spiral of Addiction The body needs more of a substance because it requires more to get the same effect Tolerance

  22. Downward Spiral of Addiction Beginning to have uncontrollable need for the substance Compulsive Craving

  23. Downward Spiral of Addiction Use becomes habitual (regular) and out of control; User is dependent on the substance Addiction

  24. Downward Spiral of Addiction Changes that occur when drug use stops Withdrawal

  25. How quickly someone becomes addicted depends on several factors: • Genetic connection to addiction • Stress, worry, tension – the more there is, the more likely you are to look for so-called relief. • Drug being used. Some drugs cause addiction after just one or a few uses.

  26. Withdrawal When someone tries to give up tobacco, alcohol, or other drugs, they may suffer through a combination of symptoms.

  27. Dependence When a user needs the drug to be able to function normally.

  28. Tolerance When the person needs more and more to get the same effect

  29. Other Drug Vocabulary • Relapse – the tendency to return to addictive behavior after a period of abstinence. • Euphoria – “high” • Synesthesia – an effect where sensory messages are incorrectly assigned (hear a taste, smell a sound) • Flashbacks – perceptual distortions and bizarre thoughts that occur after the drug has been eliminated from the body

  30. Addiction to a drug can affect someone physically, socially, and mentally.

  31. Symptoms of a Drug User

  32. Symptoms of a Drug User

  33. Symptoms of a Drug User

  34. Tolerance, Dependence or Addiction? Does the scenario represent Tolerance, Dependence or Addiction?

  35. Tolerance, Dependence or Addiction? Jen has to take twice as much heroin to get the same high she used to get with just one needle. Tolerance

  36. Tolerance, Dependence or Addiction? Neurons and dopamine receptors begin to die. Dependence

  37. Tolerance, Dependence or Addiction? Ryan has a compulsive need to drink alcohol. Addiction

  38. Tolerance, Dependence or Addiction? Stan will do anything, including steal from his friends to get the drugs. Addiction

  39. Tolerance, Dependence or Addiction? The brain adjusts to the drug to the point that it needs the drug to function normally. Dependence

  40. Tolerance, Dependence or Addiction? Sierra’s reward pathway doesn’t respond as strongly as it used to when she smokes a cigarette. Tolerance

  41. Tolerance, Dependence or Addiction? Jon experiences overwhelming physical withdrawal symptoms when he doesn’t take heroin. Addiction

  42. Tolerance, Dependence or Addiction? Instead of a good feeling, taking the drug only produces relief. Dependence

  43. Tolerance, Dependence or Addiction? The drug user’s brain cells become more resistant to the effects of the drug. Tolerance

  44. Tolerance, Dependence or Addiction? Lia cannot control her cocaine use anymore. Addiction

  45. Tolerance, Dependence, or Addiction • 1. Tolerance • 2. Dependence • 3. Addiction • 4. Addiction • 5. Dependence • 6. Tolerance • 7. Addiction • 8. Dependence • 9. Tolerance • 10. Addiction

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