Management Information Systems, 10/e

1. Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod Jr. and George P. Schell Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

2. Chapter 4 System Users and Developers Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

3. Learning Objectives • Know that the organizational content for systems development and use is changing from a physical to a virtual structure. • Know who the information specialists are and how they can be integrated into an information services organization. • Be alert to new directions that the information services organization may take. Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

4. Learning Objectives (Cont’d) • Understand what is meant by “end-user computing” and why it came about. • Appreciate that users, especially those with an end-user computing capability, are a valuable information resource. • Know the benefits and risks of end-user computing. Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

5. Learning Objectives (Cont’d) • Be aware of the types of knowledge and skill that are important to systems development. • Appreciate the value of managing the knowledge held by information specialists and users. • Recognize the benefits and risks of the virtual office and the virtual organization. Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

6. Figure 4.1 Information Systems Are Developed to Support Organizational Levels and Areas Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

7. Information Services (IS) Organization • Information resources • Information specialists • System analysts • Database administrators • Webmasters • Network specialists • Programmers • Operators Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

8. The Informational Services Organizational Structure • Trend from centralized to decentralized structure. • Divisional information officer (DIO) • Innovative • Partner model • Platform model • Scalable model Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

9. Figure 4.3 A Network Model of Information Services Organization Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

10. Network Model (Cont’d) • Visioning network enables the CIO to work with top management in strategic planning for information resources. • Innovation network is used by the CIO to interface with business areas so that innovations can be developed. • Sourcing network is utilized to interface with vendor for acquiring information resources. Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

11. End-user Computing • End-user computing (EUC) is the development by users of all or parts of their information systems. • EUC has 4 main influences: • The impact of computer education. • The information services backlog. • Low-cost hardware. • Prewritten software. Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

12. Benefits of EUC • Match capabilities and challenges. • Reduce the communication gap. Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

13. Risks of EUC • Poorly targeted systems. • Poorly designed and documented systems. • Inefficient use of information resources. • Loss of data integrity. • Loss of security. • Loss of control. Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

14. Education Criteria, Knowledge, and Skills Needed for Careers in Information Systems • Systems development knowledge • Computer literacy • Information literacy • Business fundamentals • Systems theory • Systems development process • Systems life cycle (SLC) and Systems development life cycle (SDLC) • Systems modeling Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

15. Table 4.1 Knowledge Requirements Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

16. Education Criteria, …(Cont’d) • Systems development skills • Communications skills • Analytical ability • Creativity • Leadership Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

17. Table 4.2 Skill Requirements Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

18. Managing the Knowledge Represented by the Firm’s Information Resources • Office automation includes all of the formal and informal electronic systems primarily concerned with the communication of information to and from persons both inside and outside the firm. • Shift from clerical to managerial problem solving. Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

19. The Virtual Office • Telecommuting describes how employees could electronically “commute” to work. • Hoteling is when the firm provides a central facility that can be shared by employees as the need for office space and support arises. Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

20. The Virtual Office (Cont’d) • Advantages • Reduced facility cost. • Reduced equipment cost. • Reduced work stoppages. • Social contribution. • Disadvantages • Low morale. • Fear of security risks. Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

21. The Virtual Organization • Three I Economy is those industries that are most attracted to the concept of the virtual office and the virtual organization and those that add value in the form of information, ideas, and intelligence. Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

22. The Human Element • Most important ingredient in the development and use of information systems. • Main players • Users • Information specialists Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell