Grammar - nouns

1. Grammar - nouns

2. nouns • A noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea. • A compound noun is two or more words used as a single noun. • A collective noun names a group and is singular in form. Examples: crowd, class, family, team,band Page 125 exercises A - B

3. COMMON AND PROPER NOUNS • A common noun names a person , place, thing, or idea but not which particular one. • A proper noun names a particular person place or thing and always begins with a capital letter. • Page 126 ex. A - B

4. Noun jobs • Subjects • Predicate nominatives • Direct objects • Indirect objects • Objects of prepositions • Appositives • Direct address

5. Subject-verb agreement • Subject is a noun (or pronoun) that tells who or what the sentence is about. The verb must agree with its subject in number (singular or plural). • Singular subjects take singular verbs; plural subjects take plural verbs. Nouns ending in “s” are usually plural; verbs ending in “s” are usually singular.

6. Subject-verb agreement • 3. The number (singular or plural) of a subject is not usually affected by phrases between the subject and the verb. • 4. The verb agrees with the subject, not the predicate nominative (that comes after the subject.) • Page 127 - exercise

7. Subject-verb agreement • 5. If a sentence asks a question or begins with “there” or “here,” locate the subject and make the verb agree with it. • 6. When a verb is followed by an “n’t” contraction, look at the ending of the verb to determine singular or plural. • 7. Titles of literary works, works of art, organizations, cities, and countries are usually singular even if they are plural in form. • 8. The following words are usually singular although plural in form: mumps, measles, rickets, molasses, news, stamina. • Page 128 exercise

8. Subject-verb agreement (singular or plural) • 9. Collective nouns may be either singular or plural depending on whether the group is acting as a unit (singular) or as individuals (plural.) • 10. Expressions stating amounts (fractions, measurements, money, time) may be either singular or plural depending on whether the amount is considered a unit (singular) or as separate parts (plural). • 11. Words that end in –icsmay be singular or plural depending on their meaning. If the word refers to a course of study or a science, it is singular. If it does not refer to a science or a course of study, but refers to a quality, a physical activity or behavior, it is plural. • Page 129 exercise

9. Subject-verb agreement – compound subjects • 12. Compound subjects joined by and take a plural verb. • 13. When a compound subject is joined by or, nor, either…or, or neither…nor, the verb agrees with the nearer subject. • Page 130 exercises A- B-C together, D #1-10 with a partner, and D #11-20 individually.

10. Noun job – predicate nominative • A predicate nominative is a noun (or a pronoun) that follows a linking verb and renames or explains the subject; it means the same thing as the subject. • The linking verb can be replaced with the word equals. • Predicate nominatives can never be in prepositional phrases. • Predicate nominative may be compound (joined by and). • Predicate nominatives are sometimes called subject complements or predicate nouns and always follow linking verbs. (Linking verbs song ) • Pages 132-133 – ex. A together, B with partner, C individual on separate paper Diagraming p. 134 A