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Colonizing America

Colonizing America. Chapter One. Why do people migrate to new lands? Pushed or Pulled?? Example: The pilgrims? Have we been focusing specifically on Europeans migration? Why?. What were the Americas like before Columbus?

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Colonizing America

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  1. Colonizing America Chapter One

  2. Why do people migrate to new lands? • Pushed or Pulled?? • Example: The pilgrims? • Have we been focusing specifically on Europeans migration? Why?

  3. What were the Americas like before Columbus? • In order to understand European colonization we need to first understand those who lived here before them.

  4. I. Mesoamerican Civilizations • A. First Americans • Beringia • Originally nomads and hunters • Agricultural Revolution • Allowed early Americans to settle down and create their own cultures and civilizations

  5. Beringia Land Bridge

  6. B. Olmecs • First Mesoamerican civilization • Developed villages, temples, and pyramids • Built huge monuments including giant head weighing up to 20 tons • Their ideas spread and influenced later Mesoamerican civilizations

  7. Olmecs

  8. C. Mayans • Characteristics • Origin • Famous for • Government • City-state set up • Thrived • downfall

  9. D. Toltecs • Characteristics • Destruction • Debate??

  10. E. Aztecs • Characteristics • Government • Triple Alliance • Conquer and Tribute State • Religion • European Encounter • Legacy

  11. 2. North American Civilizations • Western Cultures • Hohokam • Anasazi • Southwest

  12. Mississippi Cultures • Cahokia • http://www.glencoe.com/video_library/index_with_mods.php?PROGRAM=9780078745218&VIDEO=2826&CHAPTER=1&MODE=2 • Reason for Decline?? • Southeast • Great Plains • Nomads mostly • Horses

  13. Northeastern Cultures • Algonquian • Iroquois • The Confederacy

  14. Early European Exploration • Known as “The Age of Discovery” • Lasted from 15th-17th Century • Reasons • Crusades • Cheaper Trade Routes • Rise of a merchant class

  15. Trade Routes

  16. Scientific Advancements • Astrolabe • Compass • Improvements in ship building • Caravels

  17. Portuguese Exploration • Henry the Navigator • Exploring Africa • Bartholomeu Dias • Cape of Good Hope

  18. African Kingdoms • Ghana • Rise and Domination • Decline

  19. African Kingdoms • Mali • Rise and Dominance • Decline

  20. African Kingdoms • Songhai Empire • Rise and Dominance • Decline

  21. Slavery and Sugar • Origins of African Slavery • Use of African Slaves in Sugar Plantations

  22. European Exploration • Write a definition for the word “discover.” • Discuss with a person sitting next to you who discovered the Americas. • Why does it matter so much to people whether it was Columbus or someone else?

  23. European Exploration • Influences • Ptolemy • Geography in 100 AD • Developed system of latitude and longitude • Al-Idrisi • 12th Century Arab geographer • Maps inspired European explorers

  24. Al-idrisi’s Map:The Tabula Rogeriana

  25. European Exploration • Spain and America • Columbus • Early struggles • Support from an enemy • Thee voyage • Competition with Portugal • Line of Demarcation

  26. The Line of Demarcation and Treaty of Tordesillas

  27. European Exploration • Other Expeditions • Amerigo Vespucci • Juan Ponce de Leon • Vasco de Balboa • Ferdinand Magellan

  28. European Exploration • New Spain • Hernan Cortes • Early Life • Mexican Conquest • Aztecs • Montezuma • Small pox • Later Life

  29. European Exploration • New Spain • Francisco Pizarro • Early Life • Peru • Conquest • Later Life

  30. European Exploration • New Spain • Other Explorers • Francisco Vasquez de Coronado • Hernando de Soto • Juan de Onate • The Econmienda System

  31. European Exploration • New France • Explorers • Giovanni Verrazona • Jacques Cartier • Samuel de Champlain • Jacque Marquette • Settlements

  32. England’s First Colonies • Early Exploration • John Cabot

  33. Reasons for English Settlement • Religious • English Reformation • Divorce • Puritans

  34. Reasons for English Settlement • Economic • Wool demand • Joint-Stock Companies

  35. Reasons for English Settlement • Political • Rivalry with Spain • Trade • Religious

  36. Chesapeake Colonies • Roanoke • Sir Walter Raleigh • “Virginia” • Disappearance • Theories

  37. Chesapeake Colonies • Jamestown • Settlement • Troubles • John Smith • Abandonment • Lord De La Warr • John Rolfe • Government • Royal Colony

  38. Chesapeake Colonies • Maryland • Catholic persecution • George Calvert • Religious Conflict • Toleration Act of 1649

  39. Further English Colonization • Pilgrims and Puritans • Separatists • Plymouth Colony • Massachusetts Bay • Reasons • John Winthrop • Government • Society • Heretics

  40. Expansion of New England • Thomas Hooker • Connecticut • Sir Fernando Gorges • Maine • John Mason • New Hampshire

  41. King Philip’s War • What’s the significance of these events??

  42. English Civil War • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3FyQnEDt7eA • Reasons? • People Involved? • Outcome? • Significance?

  43. New Colonies • New York • New Jersey • Pennsylvania • Carolinas • Georgia

  44. Southern vs. New England Colonies

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