E xtraordinary O pportunities to L ead: C limate’s A irborne N eeds (EOL-CAN)

1. Black Carbon—strongest contributor to global warming after carbon dioxide1 Reduces tropical cloudiness2 Changes Precipitation and temperature patterns3 Changes radiative properties of clouds by inclusion in liquid or ice4 Paucity of HIPPO-scale measurements Recently developed instrumentation (SP2, Aerosol Mass Spec) Several leading modelers (e.g. Jacobson, Carmichael, Penner…) EOL-well suited to both cloud and ambient measurements Nucleation vs Inertial scavenging unknown Extraordinary Opportunities to Lead: Climate’s Airborne Needs (EOL-CAN) Example: Black Carbon 1Ramanathan, V. and Carmichael, G. C.: Global and regional climate changes due to black carbon. Nat. Geosci., 1, 221-227, doi:10.1038/ngeo156, 2008 2Ackerman, A. S., Toon, O. B, Stevens, D. E., Heymsfield, A. J., Ramanathan, V. and Welton, E. J.: Reduction of tropical cloudiness by soot. Science, 288, 1042-1047, 2000 3Menon, S., Hansen, J., Nazarenko, L., and Luo, Y.: Climate effects of black carbon aerosols in China and India. Science, 297, 2250-2253, 2002 4Jacobson, M.: Effects of externally-through-internally-mixed soot inclusions within clouds and precipitation on global climate. J. Phys. Chem. A., 110, 6860-6873, 2006.

2. Other similar high climate impact areas Closure of the surface energy budget Water vapor budget studies Strat-cu lifetime Biological Aerosols Land Ocean EOL actions Focused Ladder track sci Post-Doc Grad Students Sabbatical (e.g. JBJ) Focus on field program development as a goal—e.g. DYCOMS III Inter-group partnership NCAR Community High-need areas of measurements abound