Poetry, Imagery, & Style

1. Poetry, Imagery, & Style

2. NCSCoS • English Literature Objective 2-3 Read a variety of text, including…poetry • English Literature Objective 2-4 Identify and interpret elements of fiction and nonfiction and support by referencing the text to determine the…author’s choice of words • English Literature Objective 3-1 Respond to fiction, poetry, and drama using interpretive, critical, and evaluative process • Computer/Technology 1.11 Identify and discuss the use of multimedia tools to report content area information

3. Essential Questions • What is poetry? • What elements make up a poem? • What is rhyme? • What is alliteration and onomatopoeia? • What are similes and metaphors? • What is hyperbole and personification?

4. What is Poetry? • Poetry is the art of expressing one’s thoughts in verse. • It uses few words to convey its message. • Poetry’s appeal often lies in its melody. • It is meant to be read aloud. • Poetry arouses our emotions. • It surrounds us!

5. But at sundown B A T by the hundreds leaves the gloomy pages of mystery books crawls Out of damp bindings and g l I d e s into the night air shaking itself free of the trailing old words DRACULA BLOOD FANG….. Every Night Every night a short word covered with fur mouth open flies out of dark libraries All day it hangs upside-down in the card Catalog under B BARBARA JUSTER ESBENSEN

6. What is rhyme? • Rhyme is the repetition of similar or identical sounds. fog dog week leak

7. What elements make a poem? • Poems use imagery or figures of speech to explain feelings or to create a mental picture or idea. • These suggest action or mood. • Many poems have a specific rhyme scheme.

8. Homework What is it about homework That makes me want to write My Great Aunt Myrt to thank her for The sweater that’s too tight? What is it about homework That makes me pick up socks That stink from days and days of wear, Then clean the litter box? What is it about homework That makes me volunteer To take the garbage out before The bugs and flies appear? What is it about homework That makes me wash my hair And take an hour combing out The snags and tangles there? What is it about homework? You know, I wish I knew, ‘Cause nights when I’ve got homework I’ve got too much to do! JANE YOLEN

9. What is Alliteration? Alliteration is a poetic device which repeats the same beginning sounds for effect. The sun sizzled as the swimmer swam south. Wicked weather whipped and withered the wildflowers.

10. What is onomatopoeia? Onomatopoeia is the imitation of the natural sounds of words. The hummingbirdswhizzed as the creek babbled by. The mournful train chugged as it crossed the rickety bridge.

11. The Congo Then along that riverbank A thousand miles Then I heard the boom of the blood-lust song And a thigh-bone beating on a tin-pan gong. And “BLOOD” screamed the whistles and the fifes of the warriors, “BLOOD” screamed the skull-face, lean witch-doctors, “Whirl ye the deadly voo-doo rattle, Harry the uplands, Steal all the cattle, Rattle-rattle, rattle Bing. Boomlay, boomlay, boomlay, BOOM,” A roaring, epic rag-time tune From the mouth of the Congo To the Mountains of the Moon. Death is an Elephant, Torch-eyed and horrible Foam-flanked and terrible. VACHEL LINDSAY

12. What is a simile? • A simile is a figure of speech that compares two unlike things. • A comparison is made using like or as. The lion purred like a kitten. Wanda cried as if the world had come to an end.

13. Sneeze There’s a sort of a tickle the size of a nickel, a bit like the prickle of sweet-sour pickle; which I cannot suppress any longer, I guess, so pardon me, please, while I MAXINE KUMIN It’s a quivery shiver the shape of a sliver, like eels in a river; a kind of a wiggle that starts as a jiggle and joggles its way to a tease, SNEEZE.

14. What is a metaphor? A metaphor compares two different things to show a likeness between things that does not use like or as. The lion prowled on pins and needles. Wanda was drowning in tears.

15. The Sidewalk Racer Skimming an asphalt sea I swerve, I curve, I sway; I speed to whirring sound an inch above the ground; I’m the sailor and the sail, I’m the driver and the wheel I’m the one and only single engine human auto mobile. LILLIAN MORRISON

16. What is hyperbole? Hyperbole is a deliberate exaggeration used as a part of speech. Their house was so big, you had to drive a car to get from the bedroom to the kitchen! My cat is as small as a gnat.

17. What is personification? Fear grabbed the girl in its icy clutches. • Personification is giving things that are not human the personalities and actions of humans. • Through personification bears like Pooh and Paddington behave like human children. • Feelings can also be personified.

18. Haunted Room To and fro, to and fro: Across the wall the cobwebs blow. A silent hand upsets a row of soldiers, stiff as dominoes, and throws a mug of ginger ale across the rug. A fingernail inscribes a name-all curlicues like spider trail-above the door, while on the floor a pair of shoes meanders slowly to and fro. To and fro, to and fro: What makes the empty rocker go? What makes the window curtain blow? Someone, someone lives here. Who? Some two, perhaps. Some finger taps a midnight waltz along the piano keys and snaps the photo album shut. To and fro, to and fro: Across the floor the footsteps go. WHOSE? Some hand unseen advances, halts, and all at once the window blind turns somersaults around its pole, a shiver stirs the fern’s green spine, and in a bowl the columbine uplifts its gold –combed head and quivers in the sudden cold. SYLVIA CASSEDY

19. What is an Acrostic Poem? • An Acrostic poem differs from other poetry because the first letter of each line spells a word which can be read vertically. • The rhyme scheme and number of lines may vary in acrostic poems. • Occasionally ,poets and other people use their names in an acrostic poem.

20. Winter Whistling, howling, whirling winds In winter form icy crystals. Now a blanket of cold shrouds the earth. Trembling branches break, Eerie sounds echo through the woods Replying to the wind’s fury. Yvonne Allen

21. What is a Bio-Poem? • A bio-poem is a short biography or autobiography telling about someone’s life. • It uses the following pattern: Line 1 First name only Line 2 Four traits Line 3 Related to Line 4 Cares deeply about Line 5 Who feels Line 6 Who needs Line 7 Who gives Line 8 Who fears Line 9 Who would like to see Line 10 Resident of

22. Gretel Gretel Small, lost, tired, hungry, Sister of Hansel, Cares deeply about her family, Who is afraid, Who needs a place to sleep, Who gives companionship, Who fears the witch, Who would like to see her father again, Resident of the forest.

23. What is a Cinquain poem? • The cinquain is a simple, five-line verse from. • Its structure is as follows: Line1 One word of two syllables (may be the title) Line 2 Four syllables (describing the subject or title) Line 3 Six syllables (showing action) Line 4 Eight syllables (expressing a feeling or observation about the subject) Line 5 Two syllables (describing or renaming the subject)

24. Cinquains Mountain Isolated Snow-capped and cloud-touched White against shining, azure sky High peak Kittens Frisky, playful Mewing, jumping, bouncing Creeping silently on padded paws Mischief

25. What is a Concrete Poem? • Concrete poetry is written in the shape of the topic of the poem. • Rhyme is not important. • Poems can use only descriptive words. • Poems can give a thought about the topic.

26. Pickle juicy, sliced whole, sour, Green, crunchy. sweet.

27. What is a Diamonte poem? • Diamonte poems are diamond-shaped poems that are written using parts of speech. • They are fun because the top half is very different from the bottom half. • Here is the pattern: Line 1 One noun (#1) Line 2 Two adjectives describing noun #1 Line 3 Three participles that end in “ing” and tell about noun #1 Line 4 Four more nouns: the first two related to noun #1 and the second two related to noun #2 Line 5 Three participles that end in “ing” and tell bout noun #2 Line 6 Two adjectives that describe noun #2 Line 7 One noun (#2)

28. Breakfast and Lunch Doughnut Round, sweet Chewing, tasting, savoring Pastry, baking, school, lunch Making, packing, wrapping Square, fresh Sandwich

29. What is an Ode? • An Ode is a poem that addresses someone or something with great feeling or respect. • Think of someone or something to write about. • Write your feelings about it, him, or her. • Give a description. • Tell the reasons you love (hate, fear, enjoy) it.

30. To My Eraser Oh, Eraser on my pencil top, I chomp on you and cannot stop. How many times have I had this fit, I try, but I just cannot quit. As soon as one mistake’s erased I hunger for your spongy taste. “No more!” my mind says “Quit, you fool!” But then my mouth begins to drool. The pencil rises on its own And then I feel you at my tongue. My teeth bite in until they meet And soon you’re lying at my feet!

31. What is a “Sense” poem? • A sense poem has six lines which of vivid descriptions of a topic using the five senses. • Here is the pattern for a sense poem: Line 1 Tell the color of the subject Line 2 Tell what it sounds like Line 3 Tell what it tastes like Line 4 Tell what it smells like Line 5 Tell what it looks like Line 6 Tell how it makes you fell

32. War War is brown. It sounds like thunder. It tastes like bitter grapes. It smells like yesterday’s garbage. It looks like an ancient ruin. It makes you feel like crying.

33. What are Sonnets? • A sonnet is a poem of fourteen lines. • It begins with three quatrains and ends with on couplet. • A quatrain is a verse made up of four lines. The most popular rhyme scheme is A-B-A-B. • A Couplet is a two-line verse. The two lines rhyme.

34. Decisions I watch the turkey turning brown As quests begin arriving When I see many pies around That makes me start deciding. Which one will fill my dinner plate On this Thanksgiving Day? Which one will I say I ate? Will it matter anyway? I might just sample every one Instead of picking from the bunch Or wait until most everyone Has eaten all their lunch And there is one last pie to test Oh, how I hope it is the best!

35. Poetry Booklet All poems much be on a separate sheet and have an illustration on each page. Copy (and capitalize) the author, title, and where you found the poem with each page. All poems must be handwritten!!! Cover Sheet (your name, date, and teacher) Page 1 Table of Contents ( Title of poem on left, page number on right) Page 2 Acrostic (original) Page 3 Bio-poem (original) Page 4 Cinquain (original) Page 5 Concrete or Shape Poem (original) Page 6 Diamonte (original) Page 7 Ode (original) Page 8 “Sense” Poem (original) Page 9 Sonnet (original) Page 10 Rhyme (copied) Page 11 Alliteration (copied) Page 13 Simile (copied) Page 14 Metaphor (copied) Page 15 Hyperbole (copied) Page 16 Personification (copied) Page 17 Your Choice (copied) Page 18 Your Choice (copied) Page 19 Your Choice (copied)

36. Web Sites • www.poetry4kids.com • www.gigglepoetry.com/ • www.poetryclass.net/

37. References • “Every Night” by Barbara Juster Esbebsen, Ogres and Ugstabuggles • “Homework” by Jane Yolen, Rainbows and Rotten Moods • “The Congo” by Vachel Lindsay, Teaching Language Arts • “Sneeze” by Maxine Kumin, Pizza and Pandemonium • The Sidewalk Racer” by Lillian Morrison, Rainbows and Rotten Moods • “Haunted Room” by Sylvia Cassedy, Ogres and Ugstabuggles