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JAPAN BECOMES A WORLD POWER

JAPAN BECOMES A WORLD POWER. Commodore Matthew Perry visits Japan. 1853: Force Japan to end policy of isolationism 1854: Treaty of Kanagawa trading rights extraterritoriality other Western countries open up trade w/ Japan “ unequal treaties”. Japanese view of Commodore Perry.

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JAPAN BECOMES A WORLD POWER

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  1. JAPAN BECOMES A WORLD POWER

  2. Commodore Matthew Perry visits Japan • 1853: Force Japan to end policy of isolationism • 1854: Treaty of Kanagawa • trading rights • extraterritoriality • other Western countries open up trade w/ Japan • “unequal treaties” Japanese view of Commodore Perry

  3. Treaty of Kanagawa • Peace and friendship between the United States and Japan. • Opening of two ports to American ships at Shimoda and Hakodate • Help for any American ships wrecked on the Japanese coast and protection for shipwrecked persons • Permission for American ships to buy supplies, coal, water, and other necessary provisions in Japanese ports.

  4. Below is a list of some of the gifts each nation presented to the other. Put a "J" next to the gifts presented by the Japanese and an "A" next to the ones presented by the Americans to the Japanese. • Lifeboats • Clocks • Silk • Farm Tools • Unusual sea shells • Telegraph wire • Porcelain tea sets • Telescope • Lacquer boxes and trays • Umbrellas • Whiskey/wines • Jars of soy sauce • Miniature railroad • Pistols/swords

  5. MEIJI RESTORATION (1868) • Meiji means “enlightened rule” • Shogun steps down • Restored Emperor • “Honor the emperor and expel the barbarians” • “Enrich the country, strengthen the military” • Scholars sent to the West to learn gov’t, industry, military

  6. Changes under the MEIJI • Parliament (Diet) • taxes rose • education improved • improve infrastructure • feudalism abolished • Rise of ZAIBATSU • becomes economic / industrial power

  7. JAPANESE Expansion in ASIA • ended “unequal treaties” • 1895: Sino-Japanese War: defeated China to gain control of Korea and Taiwan • 1905: defeated Russia in Russo-Japanese War • *first time an Asian nation defeats a European power • gained Manchuria • NEED for raw materials • sought equal political standing w/ WEST

  8. Growth of Extreme Nationalism • 1929: Great Depression hurts Japanese economy • 1931: conquest of Manchuria • rise of MILITARISM: mission was to free Asian nations from western imperialism • 1940: Japan joins Axis Powers • USA places oil/supply embargo on Japan • Japan/US negotiate to avoid war • Dec. 7, 1941: Attack on Pearl Harbor Japan attacks Pearl Harbor

  9. ISLAND HOPPING I/T PACIFIC Midway Island • To stop Japanese expansion • Japan depended on secure oceanic routes for food & raw materials • Battle of Midway: June 3-7, 1942 • turning point o/t war • 4 Japanese aircraft carriers destroyed • 1 US carrier destroyed USS YORKTOWN (CV-5)

  10. ISLAND HOPPING • SEABEEs: Navy construction battalions • cleared forests and build airstrips • Amphibious Assaults • new war tactics • Marines: ship to land assaults • supported by aircraft and naval gunfire

  11. ISLAND HOPPING • Battle of Peleliu Island • 15 Sept - 12 Oct 44 • to capture an airstrip • over 12,000 US lives lost • over 10,000 Japanese lives lost USS PELELIU (LHA 5)

  12. BATTLE OF IWO JIMA • 19 Feb -26 Mar 45 • 6,800 Americans KIA • 20,000 “ wounded • 21,000 Japanese KIA • almost every single soldier

  13. PHILIPPINE ISLANDS • 6 May 42: The PI fall to Japan • Gen. Douglas MacArthur promises to return • BATAAN Death March • 76,000 Allies surrender • 5,000 perish on death march • thousands more die in POW camps • Return t/t Philippines 1944-45 • 50,000 Japanese KIA • 3,504 Americans KIA • Battle of Leyte Gulf • largest naval battle of WWII • KAMIKAZE pilots appear Bataan Death March 65 mile trek

  14. BATTLE OF OKINAWA • 1 Apr - 22 June 45 • 12,500 Americans KIA • 110,000 Japanese KIA • 1,900 Kamikaze missions against US naval fleet • Japanese commander commits seppuku (suicide) • Japanese battleship YAMATO is sunk • 2800 Japanese die w/ ship • Largest battleship i/t world YAMATO

  15. WWII against Japan: HIROSHIMA and NAGASAKI • US Island Hopping • Enola Gay drops 1st Atomic bomb on Hiroshima (6Aug45) • 80,000 killed • 2nd Atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki (9Aug45) • 40,000 killed

  16. The Enola Gay

  17. Hiroshima

  18. Hiroshima

  19. USS INDIANAPOLIS

  20. Nagasaki: Before the blast

  21. Nagasaki: After the blast

  22. Nagasaki

  23. ??? DID THE USA NEED TO DROP TWO ATOMIC BOMBS ON JAPAN TO END WWII?

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