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LFA Logical Framework Approach

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LFA Logical Framework Approach

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    1. LFA Logical Framework Approach Goal Oriented Project Planning

    2. Project Success How? Engagement Ownership clearly defined Clear division of responsibilities Realism!! (purpose) Connection Activities – Objectives Capacity to handle risks Flexibility Beneficiaries engaged in project planning …..LFA is a useful tool to reach success!

    3. LFA Characteristics Finding the “roots” before setting the objectives Objectives & beneficiary oriented Participatory/Ownership! Consensus oriented Focus on logical links Systematic common sense!!!

    4. Why LFA? Ensures the RELEVANCE, FEASIBILITY and SUSTAINABILITY of a project Facilitates a dialogue / OWNERSHIP manifested! Ensures that fundamental questions are asked and weaknesses are analysed Defines the key elements & the settings of a project Identifies measurements/indicators of the projects achievements

    5. The nine steps of an LFA analyses 1 Analysis of project´s Context 2 Analysis of Stakeholders 3 Problem Analysis/Situation Analysis 4 Objectives Analysis 5 Plan of Activities 6 Plan of Resources/Inputs 7 Indicators/measurements 8 Risk Analysis 9 Analysis of Assumptions

    6. Step 1: Projects Context Changes/projects are part of a larger context/a situation Which environment will the project be situated in? Which factors are of importance for achieving the objectives? Analysis of Context made through a study and/or through making a “SWOT” analysis

    7. SWOT analysis A tool for auditing /identifying e.g. an environment´s: Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats

    8. Step 2: Stakeholder Analysis Stakeholders - those influenced by and exert an influence on the project entity Mapping of stakeholders and their respective roles Who will be influenced, positively or negatively, by the project Which stakeholders should be involved in planning and/or implementing the project

    9. Step 2 Stakeholder Analysis Four main groups of stakeholders; Beneficiaries Implementers Financing agents Decision makers

    10. PROBLEMANALYSIS CRUCIAL! As with weeds, the roots must be tackled, if the weeds are to disappear

    11. Step 3: Problem Analysis Finding “the roots of the evil” Which is the problem to be solved? Who owns the problem? One focal problem, focus! Find the causes and effects to the focal problem The causes of the problem shall be “tackled” through activities within the framework of the project in order to solve the problem in a sustainable way

    12. Problem Tree

    13. Step 4: Objectives Analysis Three levels 1 Overall Objectives/Development Objectives; Often Governmental level, long term perspective, i e social welfare, economic growth... Time frame: 5 – 10 years 2 Project objectives or Project Purpose; which are the objectives that the intervention/project should be able to achieve, solve the focal problem, time frame, medium term (i.e. frequency of deaths in x-region reduced by x%) Time frame:0 – 3 years. 3 Outputs/Targets/Results; the output describe the services to be produced by the project, what services to the beneficiary get access to? Short term/directly after the project activities. Time frame: now

    14. LFA Overall Objectives (step 4/1) Long-term social and or economic benefits, to which the project will contribute Not achieved by the project on its own, several projects contribute States the positive state for beneficiaries and for the society Examples; - Economic growth in region X increased, - Reduced infant mortality - Increased income of farming families

    15. LFA Project Purpose (step 4/2) The main reason for having a project ! WHY a project Connection to the “focal” problem Sets out the benefits, which the beneficiaries derive from the project Implementing agencies should enable for the beneficiaries to achieve the benefits by delivering the required services/results Examples; - Improved labour productivity for crop X achieved.., - Health hazards (for certain diseases) of the population in area X reduced to a certain standard etc...

    16. LFA Results (step 4/3) Connected to the causes of the focal problem Sets out the services which the beneficiaries will receive from the implementing agency through the project Examples; - Farmers able to apply more efficient maize production techniques, - Adequate mother and child care provided to the people in region X, - Improved transport between A and B

    17. SMART project purpose Specific Measurable Accurate or Approved Realistic Time bound

    18. Step 5: Activities Tackle the causes of the focal problem What will be done under the project to deliver the services/results required by the beneficiaries Usually expressed as an action Means to achieve the objectives, not the objectives Examples; - Rehabilitate health posts, - Train rural health staff, - Re-construct road from A to B

    19. Step 6: Inputs/Resources Experts and personnel (local and foreign)/Counter part, project group Financing (loans, grants, funds) cost sharing? Future long term financing? Equipment Premises

    20. Step 7: Indicators Measure achievements A baseline study might be needed to be able to measure the final results? The process of setting up indicators shows if the objectives are vague Indicators should answer the questions: For whom? What? When? Where? How much? What quality?

    21. Step 8: Risk Analysis Analysis of factors which may influence the implementation of the project and hence the achievement of objectives Internal and External risks Alternative strategies may be needed? Risk management

    22. Step 9: Analysis of Assumptions The project in the perspective of society/ institutional situation in a country (laws, political commitments, financing) Assumptions describe situations and conditions, which are necessary for project success, but which are largely beyond the control of the project management Assumptions on each level of objective Ex. Prevailed stable political situation

    23. Why different steps in LFA? Relevance; Step 1 – 4 Context, Stakeholder-, Problem- and Objectives analysis. Logical links between problems and solutions, Relevant to support? (in accordance with strategies and problems in the country/sector?) Feasible; Step 5 – 7 Plan of Activities, Resources/inputs and Indicators. Are the resources sufficient to achieve the objectives? (Resources: Personnel, time, funding, equipment) Sustainable; Step 8 – 9 Risk analysis and Assumptions. If the project is sustainable, will the effects of the project remain without continuos external assistance outside?

    24. Homepages for information on LFA www.google.com/logical framework approach www.sida.se/ http://www.ausaid.gov.au/ausguide/ausguidelines/1.html http://lgausa.com/logframe_approach.htm http://www.cgiar.org/isnar/gender/hambly.htm http://www.pcm-group.com/services_helpdesk_faq.jsp http://europa.eu.int/comm/europeaid/evaluation/methods/PCM_Manual_EN-march2001.pdf

    25. LFA matrix/Log Frame

    26. LFA summary Relevant, Feasible and Sustainable projects/programs - success! Participation & ownership! Joint approach to project Make problem analysis with accuracy /time to correctly analyze causes & effects Connection problems and objectives Add analysis such as cost effectiveness and gender, study on environmental aspects and make a clear division of responsibilities LFA during all phases of the project

    27. How the LFA method works depends very much on its users LFA is no better and no worse than its users

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