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RBC staging arrangements

RBC staging arrangements. Metcalf & Eddy 2003. Biological tower/Activated sludge processes. Metcalf & Eddy 2003. LINDOX® -Process

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RBC staging arrangements

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  1. RBC staging arrangements Metcalf & Eddy 2003

  2. Biological tower/Activated sludge processes Metcalf & Eddy 2003

  3. LINDOX® -Process The LINDOX® -process is an activated sludge process with oxygen aeration in covered, staged bioreactors. It is used for the biological purification of industrial and municipal waste water and is characterized by high space-time yields, low space requirements, low energy consumption, minimum off-gas rates and a sludge that can be well thickened and dewatered. It can easily cope with high and varying waste water quantities and pollutant loads and can be used with good results at restricted and sensitive locations and under extreme climatic conditions. http://www.linde-process-engineering.com/en/p0001/p0052/p0053/p0053.jsp#1

  4. The Captor® Cold-Temperature Nitrification Pilot PlantA cross-flow packed bed Captor® pilot tank (6' x 3' x 1.5') was constructed to establish uniform hydraulic distribution in the reactor vessel. The biological reactor was filled with 1" x 1" x 5" reticulated polyurethane sponge pads having about 97% void space with internal and external surfaces for biomass attachment or entrapment. Early results at Scottsbluff show 80% to 90% ammonia removal. Tests are ongoing. http://www.tec-engrs.com/tt992.htm

  5. Metcalf & Eddy 2003

  6. LINPOR®-N process in a municipal waste water treatment plant LINPOR®-processThe LINPOR® process makes use of a mobile carrier material consisting of highly porous plastic foam cubes contained in a classic aeration tank with fine-bubble diffuser aeration. High concentrations of microorganisms grow on the carrier material. Because virtually all the proven and standardized structural and mechanical facilities of the conventional activated sludge process can be used without modifications, this process is ideal for both the construction of new plants and the refurbishment and extension of existing activated sludge systems, often without the need for additional construction measures. http://www.linde-process-engineering.com/en/p0001/p0052/p0053/p0053.jsp#1

  7. Moving-Bed Biofilm Reactor Metcalf & Eddy 2003

  8. AS processes with internal fixed packing for attached growth (http://www.ringlace.com/Presentation/) • Ringlace® packing is a looped polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material (~5 mm in diameter); 25-35 % of reactor’s volume; individual strands at 40-100 mm apart; specific surface area 120-500 m2/m2. Metcalf & Eddy 2003

  9. Metcalf & Eddy 2003 • Biocarbone® process is termed the biological aerated filter (BAF). • Over 100 facilities have been constructed worldwide. • 3-5 mm fired clay material is used in current designs. • High DO is required (3-5 mg/L). • Generally, in the final effluent: BOD and TSS < 10 mg/L and NH4-N 1-4 mg/L with nitrification.

  10. Biocarbone®

  11. Biofor® • >100 installations in Europe and North America • Bed depth 2-4 m; packing termed Biolite®, an clay material 2-4 mm. • Used for BOD removal and nitrification/ tertiary nitrification and denitrification Metcalf & Eddy 2003

  12. Biostyr® Metcalf & Eddy 2003 • Bed depth 1.5-3 m; packing with polystyrene beads 2-4 mm; specific surface area 1000 m2/m2. • Used for BOD removal only/ combined BOD removal and nitrification/ tertiary nitrification and post-denitrification. • Average effluent BOD, TSS and NH4-N concentrations of 7, 11 and 1.8 mg/L, respectively for long-term operation. Metcalf & Eddy 2003 • Upflow system • Developed in Denmark

  13. Fluidized-Bed Bioreactor (FBBR) • For aerobic applications, influent is aerated to predissolve oxygen, because adding air to the bed will discharge packing to the effluent; • Mainly for post-denitrification • Upflow system with velocity 30-36 m/h • Bed of 0.4-0.5 mm sand or activated carbon • Bed depth 3-4 m • 1000 m2/m2 Metcalf & Eddy 2003

  14. Attached Growth Denitrification Processes Metcalf & Eddy 2003

  15. Attached Growth Preanoxic Denitrification Metcalf & Eddy 2003

  16. http://www.rpi.edu/dept/chem-eng/Biotech-Environ/Environmental/DENITE/bardenpho.htmhttp://www.rpi.edu/dept/chem-eng/Biotech-Environ/Environmental/DENITE/bardenpho.htm http://www.scitrav.com/wwater/waterlnk.htm

  17. Nebel and Wright 1998

  18. http://www.ecesgroup.com/

  19. Land Application and Landscaper Irrigation • Risk of the transmission of disease through the use of untreated wastewater for vegetable irrigation. • Studies has shown that bacterial levels are highest on leafy vegetables such as lettuce and cabbage, as high as 37,000 TC per 100g or 3,600 FC per 100g • Rinsing in tap-water does not reduce the indicators to safe levels and outbreak of diseases such as cholera have been associated with wastewater irrigation of vegetables. • Outbreaks of parasites have also been linked to this practice.

  20. Land Application and Landscaper Irrigation • In Israel, stool samples containing Ascaris worms climbed to 35% when wastewater irrigation was used but fell to <1% after it was banned. • In the US, a coliform level of 2.2 per 100 ml wastewater is allowed for food crops whereas for non-edible crops and/or for general landscape irrigation, it is 5,000 per 100 ml, and for recreational use 23 per 100 ml.

  21. Recycle Treated Wastewater • Reuse of treated effluent from the Ngong Ping Sewage Treatment Works. http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/environmentinhk/water/prob_solutions/highlights03.html

  22. 1. • Bleaching and dyeing of garments 2. • Bleaching and dyeing of knitted fabric 3. • Bleaching and dyeing of woven fabric 4. • Bleaching and dyeing of yarn 5. • Knit outerwear 6. • Soft drinks and carbonated waters industries 7. • Breweries and manufacture of malt liquor 8. • Distilling, rectifying and blending spirits 9. • Restaurants 10. • Ice-making industry http://www.info.gov.hk/dsd/charges/sc.htm Schedule A The unit rate of the SC is $1.2/m3 of water supplied. For each domestic account, the first 12 m3 supplied in each 4 monthly consumption period is exempted from sewage charging. For the ten trades, businesses and manufactures listed in Schedule A, the amount of SC chargeable is based on 70% of the water supplied to account for the water consumed in the production process which is not discharged into the public sewers. The others are charged at 100% of the water supplied. DSD

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