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Chapter 27: Cold War / Postwar Changes

Chapter 27: Cold War / Postwar Changes. Rivalry in Europe. The US and the Soviet Union disagreed over how Eastern Europe should run their governments post WWII. USA: Nations should freely determine their own governments.

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Chapter 27: Cold War / Postwar Changes

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  1. Chapter 27:Cold War / Postwar Changes

  2. Rivalry in Europe The US and the Soviet Union disagreed over how Eastern Europe should run their governments post WWII. USA: Nations should freely determine their own governments. Soviet Union: Stalin fearful that the Eastern European nations would be anti-Soviet opposed the US plan. In Greece civil war erupted where the communist army was supported by the Soviets with the anticommunist being supported by the British.

  3. Truman Doctrine https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pUt7Lr3lubc (Marshall Plan) Truman Doctrine The United States would provide money to countries threatened by Communist expansion.

  4. Marshall Plan The Marshall Plan (1947) European Recovery Program Designed to rebuild war-torn Europe, $13 billion in aid, the Soviets founds these “American loans” an attempt of the US to buy Eastern European nations.

  5. Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (COMECON) The Soviet response to the US economic recovery plan for Eastern European states.

  6. Division of Germany At the end of the war Germany had been divided into four zones (US, Soviet Union, Great Britain and France). Berlin, was located in the Soviet zone. 1948, negotiations were made to unify Germany, however failed. The three western nations then proposed to unify the 3 of the 4 territories.

  7. The Soviets attempted to prevent this merging by blocking West Berlin. In reaction, the British and the Americans used planes to drop off supplies to areas in Berlin they could not reach. Realizing that there was nothing left to do and wanting to avoid a WWIII, Russia gave in and lifted their blockade in 1949.

  8. Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) -Capital was Bonn Less than a month later, a separate East German state was created, the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) Berlin was now split into West and East

  9. NATO In search for greater security the “West” formed the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1949

  10. Warsaw Pact Soviet Union joined with Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland and Romania for a military alliance.

  11. What is Communism What is Capitalism? http://www.diffen.com/difference/Capitalism_vs_Socialism

  12. For example school Capitalism: Positives?Negatives? Communism: Positives?Negatives?

  13. Global Alliances Alliances continued to spread across the globe. Korea A war began in 1950 where Communist governments attempted to take over South Korea. The US supported South Korea with the Soviets supporting the North.

  14. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PcmMtNOVORc

  15. 5:15-6:30 15:30-20:30 1:20-1:23 1:43---1:57 25min 1:57-2:24 30minutes

  16. SEATOSoutheast Asia Treaty Organization US, Great Britain, France, Pakistan, Thailand, the Philippines, Australia and New Zealand. CENTO Central Treaty Organization Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Pakistan, Great Britain and the United States By the late 1950s, the US was allied with 42 states.

  17. Arms Race 1949: The Soviet Union sets off its own atomic bomb. 1950’s: US and the Soviet union develop a stronger hydrogen bomb, capable of shooting far distances 1957: the Soviets send Sputnik, the first human made space satellite, to orbit the earth Both nations continue to increase weapons, especially their nuclear arsenal.

  18. A Wall in Berlin Many Germans in East Germany were migrating to West Germany where life was more prosperous. In order to stop this trend Kruschev, the leader of the Soviet Union (1955) came up with an idea to create a large wall between the cities. The wall was built in 1961 with barbed wired and machine-gun towers.

  19. Game Theory Mutual assured destruction (MAD) Is the theory that both sides in a nuclear war would have the capacity to destroy and annihilate the other without a chance of victory.Therefore, nations in there own interest choose armistice instead of going to war.

  20. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dSOrAQMXTcc Game theory

  21. Cuban Missile Crisis 1959,the tension between the Soviet Union and the USA reach new levels. Background: Fidel Castro, a left-wing revolutionary overthrew the Cuban dictator Fulgendo Batista. In reaction, President Kennedy approved a secrete plan to invade Cuba. The plan ended a horrible disaster known as the Bay of Pigs

  22. Following the Bay of Pigs, the Soviet Union sent arms and military advisers to Cuba. -In 1962, Khrushchev began to place nuclear missiles in Cuba. -The US attempted to block Soviet ships to get to Cuba, the Soviets agreed to turn back as long as the US promised not to invade Cuba. Up to this day, many look upon the Cuban missile crisis as the closest the world has come to a Nuclear War.

  23. Vietnam Vietnam War North supported by the Soviet Union fighting for Communism, South supported by the United States fighting for democracy. The war brought about the term “Domino Theory”. The US governments rationale was that if Vietnam was to be taken over by communism, like dominos the rest of Asia would go towards the Soviets.

  24. Vietnam War 58,148 killed in Vietnam 304,000 Wounded in Action Average age of the American soldier killed in action was 23 2/3 of the men who served in Vietnam were volunteers

  25. Vietnam War Key Points -US had superior weapons -The growing number of US soldiers started up massive anti-war movements in the US -In 1973 Nixon comes to an agreement that the US would withdrawal from Vietnam. -Of those killed, 61% were younger than 21.

  26. The Draft • 1948 until 1973, during both peacetime and periods of conflict, men were drafted to fill vacancies in the armed forces which could not be filled through voluntary means. • Those who were drafted were between age 18-26 • In 1973, the draft ended and the U.S. converted to an All-Volunteer military. Draft Dodging: 10 minutes, find an excuse to dodge the draft.

  27. Anti-war Movement Anti war movement (USA) -Mass protests / Student protests -Evading drafts -Going to Canada John Lennon Founder of Beatles. Outspoken protestor of the Vietnam War.

  28. Imagine and Murder https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yRhq-yO1KN8 Imagine there's no countries It isn't hard to do Nothing to kill or die for And no religion too Imagine all the people Living life in peace John Lennon was killed Dec.8, 1980 outside of his apartment building. 225,000 people converged on New Yorks Central Park to mourn the death of John Lennon. At least three Beatles fans committed suicide after the murder.

  29. Modern Era of Music and Anti-War https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PibXTko6VC4 Linkin Park – Hands Held High https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WpYeekQkAdc BEP Where is the love https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fETIjVvv1Ds – Marvin Gaye – Whats going on https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lZD4ezDbbu4 Born in the USA https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ox0Q4YIdnGI Eminem-mosh

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