Good Morning / Afternoon

1. Good Morning / Afternoon Welcome to MAY!!! FYI- There are only 4 more “A” Days 5days of class before finals.

2. Quote of the Day #15 “Absolute liberty is absence of restraint; responsibility is restraint; therefore, the ideally free individual is responsible to himself” --Henry Brooks Adams

3. May 12th Outcomes Students will continue to study how the enlightenment changed society- specifically Social Order To Do List Pass back papers-Quiz—(no comments, what was the point) Review Notes- Essay on Enlightenment Notes over Social Changes- building up to French Revolution Watch- Count of Monte Cristo Homework- Chapter 18.3 Reading and Questions

4. Announcements This WEEK: Wednesday: Mass Day Block 1 7:50-9:10 Block 2 9:15-9:20 Mass 9:30-10:20 Block 3 11:45-1:35 Block 4 1:40-3:00 Thursday:Soccer @ Northwest (For a City League Title) Softball vs Goddard Souvenir GWAL Diving Friday: STATE Tennis Saturday: Battle of the Bands

5. Race to the End

6. Prayer to St. Francis • Lord, make me an instrument of your peace. • Where there is hatred, let me sow love; • Where there is injury, pardon; • Where there is discord, unity; • Where there is doubt, faith; • Where there is despair, hope; • Where there is darkness, light; • Where there is sadness, joy. • O Diving Master, grant that I may not so much seek to be consoled as to console; to be understood as to understand; to be loved as to love. • For it is in giving that we receive; it is in pardoning that we are pardoned; and it is in dying that we are born to eternal life. • Amen

7. Finals thoughts on the Enlightenment • Immanuel Kant • What is Enlightenment? • We aren’t going to listen to this all

8. Social Changes & the EnlightenmentCulture in an Enlightened Age • High Culture vs Popular Culture • What does that mean? • High Culture is the literary & artistic culture of the educated and wealthy. • Popular Culture is the written and unwritten culture of the masses of which has traditionally been passed down orally. • By the 18th century- with more people reading, this distinction begins to blend • Published grew 10 x- new books, magazines, newspapers • Popular Culture define by poor • Defining characteristic- communal festival--Carnival.

9. Economic Changes and the Social OrderCulture in an Enlightened Age • New Economic Patterns • Height of the Enlightenment (1750)- Population boom • Lowering Death rate- Not as much disease • Better Diet- More Food- Longer Life- More people • Better Diet is due to new products from America-corn & potato • How does this fit with Economics????? • Other Industries- Textiles- what is that? #1 product • Mostly rural production— Cottage industry— • Spinners / weavers worked from their home • Emergence of Global Trade- • Americas (Gold / plantations products) to Europe • Europe used Gold to buy spices and tea from China • Europe traded manufactured goods to Africa for slaves

10. Economic Changes and the Social OrderCulture in an Enlightened Age • European Society in the Eighteenth Century • Social Order was not changed up to the 18th century • Vast majority of Europeans- peasants / Rural 85% • Huge difference between Eastern / Western Europe • In the East peasants tied to the land- perpetuate absolutism • How much has all of this change affected their lives??? • Nobles made up 2-3% of Europe’s population • Not taxed, made up govt & military positions • Towns were small- townspeople were smaller group • Italy, Dutch, Britain were only nations who had significant towns • Ruled by Patrician oligarchies– wealthy rentiers--laborers

11. Quote of the Day #15 “Absolute liberty is absence of restraint; responsibility is restraint; therefore, the ideally free individual is responsible to himself” --Henry Brooks Adams

12. Colonial Empires and Revolution in the Western Hemisphere • Remember the age of Exploration. • Who is colonizing where? • What was their attitude when they got there?

14. Colonial Empires and Revolution in the Western Hemisphere • Remember the age of Exploration. • Who is colonizing where? • What was their attitude when they got there? • 16th century- Portuguese dominated Brazil • Spain dominated Central & Eastern South America • Created a new civilization- Latin America-multiracial • Metizos- offspring of Europeans & Native American Indians • Mulattoes- offspring of Europeans & African Slaves • Where do you think that these offspring fit? Socially?

15. Colonial Empires and Revolution in the Western HemisphereThe Economic Foundation • Economics in the new world • Why did Europeans initially seek colonies in the New World? • What came of the new world • Initially Gold and Silver mined from Central & South America • Slow switch to agriculture- Sugar Cane, Coffee, Cotton, tobacco • European landowners created large estates growing these crops • Huge demand for labor- kept Natives/Slaves poor- referred to as peons • Still an element of today’s Latin American society • Trade was another source of economic gain • Raw materials from the new world for finish products of the old • Initially only Spain/Portugal profited- British/France followed

16. Colonial Empires and Revolution in the Western HemisphereThe State and the Church in Colonial Latin America • Spain/Portugal creating large empires (300 years) • Distance / Communication / Supplies- difficult to hold • Created a system in which minority of Europeans ruled • Created a society based pre-enlightenment ideas. • These Europeans had a great deal of autonomy (Absolutism) • Viceroys ruled over portions of these empires • Their Children- Creoles- had great economic/education opp. • Both of these nations were Catholic- Church was powerful • Movement to convert Indians to Christianity • Missions were built to educate and Christianize • The Church built hospitals, orphanages, schools- done it before • Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz—author fought for womens rights

17. Colonial Empires and Revolution in the Western HemisphereBritish North America • 18th century- new threat to Spanish/Ports power • Great Britian- England, Scotland, Whales • 1707 United Kingdom was created- unified govts. • Remember Amazing Grace- William Pitt • Favored expansion and trade- • 1757 won lands in India and Cananda • 1763 Britian became the world’s greatest colonial power • Cost of maintaining those colonies was great • Tried to increase taxes on their colonies • 1770s-1776 colonists upset with taxation revolted • Started a new society- born of enlightenment ideas. • What ideas would those have been?

18. The Count of Monte Cristo • What ideas from the enlightenment and the American revolution are present in this film??

19. Homework • Please read • Economic Changes and the Social Order • Pages 529-531 • Finish your Opening Act • Begin on your review