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Lesson 3 Life in New Spain. Chapter 4. The Search for Gold. Hernando de Soto had heard of the riches Cortés had found in the Aztec city. He went in search of his own treasure in the southwest of North America. The Search for Gold. The Search for Gold.
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Lesson 3 Life in New Spain Chapter 4
The Search for Gold • Hernando de Soto had heard of the riches Cortés had found in the Aztec city. • He went in search of his own treasure in the southwest of North America .
The Search for Gold • De Soto spent 20 years searching the area we know now as Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, and Louisiana. • De Soto was the first European to explore the Mississippi River.
A Story of Gold • Estéban, an African sailor who had been enslaved by the Spanish, survived a shipwreck off the coast of Texas with the conquistador Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca. • They travelled together for 8 years in the southwest of the U.S. • They joined another expedition to find Cíbola, a rich kingdom. • They never found Cíbola. Estéban was killed by Indians in what is now New Mexico.
The Legend Continues • The legend of Cíbola did not fade. • The governor of New Spain sent Francisco Vàsquez de Coronado to find the cities. • He did not find the city. • He did not find the city because IT NEVER EXISTED
The Effects of Exploration • Many of the Indian tribes along Coronado’s route denied his entrance to their villages. • The reputation of the Spanish and their cruel treatment of the Indians were spreading across America’s southwest. • Coronado and his men would use force quickly, enslave natives and take them from their families, steal anything valuable from the villages including stored food, livestock, money, gold, and water. • In addition, the Spanish exploration parties were spreading diseases the native’s could not fight. Thousands would die from smallpox alone.
Textbook Time • Open your textbook to pages 146-147 • Read these pages. • Your assignment will be to make a list of the IMPORTANT events including the dates. • Please put the list in your ss spiral.
Surprise! It’s a mini-quiz! What were these three explorers searching for? Cortez De Soto Pizarro
Surprise! It’s a mini-quiz. • Were they searching for:
Surprise! It’s a mini-quiz. Hooray
Society in New Spain By the end of the 1500’s, the fighting between the Native peoples and the Spanish had ended. The Spanish had gained enough territory to move colonists into these lands. A new way of life in a new land was forming.
Society in New Spain Peninsulares- born in Spain Creoles-Spanish, but born in America Mestizo – person who is both Spanish and Indian Indians or Africans – no Spanish background
Society in New Spain Peninsulares- born in Spain Creoles-Spanish, but born in America Mestizo – person who is both Spanish and Indian Indians or Africans – no Spanish background
More Changes for the Native People Ecomienda- plantation piece of land given by the Spanish government . This grant of land includes control of the natives people who already live there. Many ecomienda owners put people to work as farm workers, miners, and servants. The native people did not have pay and did not always get enough to eat. They could be beaten and forced to work long hours.
More Changes for the Native Peoples One type of ecomienda was run by Catholic missionaries (a priest that teaches his religion to other people). These priests built missions throughout New Spain to teach the native people about Christianity. The missionaries also taught them European farming practices such as taking care of the European animals brought over from the Columbian Exchange. Some of these native people were treated cruelly even under the care of the Church.
Bartolomé de Las Casas Bartolomé de Las Casas spoke out against the mistreatment of native peoples under the care of the church. He wrote angry letters back home to Spain about what was happening. In 1542 Spain passed laws saying that native peoples must be paid for their work. These laws were not enforced and later were cancelled.
Textbook Time • Open your textbook to pages 148-149, and page 151 abut de Las Casas • Read these pages. • Your assignment will be to make a list of the IMPORTANT events including the dates. • Please put the list in your ss spiral.
Surprise! It’s a mini-quiz! What was Las Casas point of view on the Indians of the ecomienda system? • He wanted them to become Catholic • He wanted to teach them to farm • He wanted the Church to treat them kindly
Slavery in the Americas • Slavery began on the ecomienda with the Spanish. • The Native Americans were not used to long hours of work in the hot fields. • They were easily exhausted and not able to work. • They were often ill from the new European germs and disease. • They tried to run away and get away from their captors.
Slavery in the Americas • Africans were brought in to replace the native slaves. • Gradually, capture and enslavement of Africans became an important part of the colonial economy. • By 1574, there were 12,000 slaves in the Spanish territory alone. • African slaves suffered the same problems as the native people. • The profits the slaves helped to gain made Spain one of the richest countries in the world.
Slavery in the Americas • Think back to what you learned about slavery in America. • Without using your notes, make a list of what you know. • Now open your book to page 150 and complete your notes.
