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Plant Taxonomy

Plant Taxonomy. Taxonomy: The science of classification. Why are classification and scientific names important?. For specificity and accuracy Example: Hemerocallis Common Names - Daylily - Lily - Ditch Lily - Lemon Lily For Cultural management (Families).

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Plant Taxonomy

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  1. Plant Taxonomy Taxonomy: The science of classification.

  2. Why are classification and scientific names important? • For specificity and accuracy • Example: Hemerocallis Common Names - Daylily - Lily - Ditch Lily - Lemon Lily • For Cultural management (Families)

  3. Carolus Linneaus(aka Karl von Linne) • Swedish Botanist • May 23, 1701 – Jan. 10, 1778 • He published Species Plantarum in 1753. • He based his plant classification system on the plant’s method of reproduction and structure of reproductive parts. • ‘Introduced’ binomial nomenclature. Species Plantarum is the starting point of the binomial system of nomenclature.

  4. Carl Info! • Check this out!

  5. Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species CultivarKing Phillip Called Out For Good Soup

  6. Kingdom Plantae is divided into 12 Phyla based on reproductive and vascular characteristics. 1. Bryophyta: Mosses 2. Hepatophyta: Liverworts 3. Anthosphyta: Hornworts 4. Lycophyta: Club mosses 5. Psilophyta: Whisk Ferns 6. Equisetophyta: Horsetails 7. Pterophyta: Ferns 8. Cycadophyta: Cycads 9. Ginkgophyta: Ginkgo 10. Coniferophyta: Conifers 11. Gnetophyta: Ephedra, Gnetum, Welwitschia 12. Angiospermophyta: Seed Plants (monocots and dicots)

  7. Example: Butterflyweed(Asclepias tuberosa) Kingdom: Plantae (all plants) Phylum: Angiospermophyta (all flowering plants) Class: Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons) Order: Gentianales (all plants with united petals and fused reproductive parts) Family: Asclepiadaceae (plants with a specific pattern of fused reproductive floral parts) Genus: Asclepias (all milkweeds) Species: tuberosa (a specific kind (species) of milkweed with orange flowers and tuberous roots)

  8. Plant Evolutionary Theory • Lower Plants • Spore bearing plants with and without vascular systems are ‘Lower Plants’ • Higher Plants • Seed-bearing plants with vascular systems are ‘Higher Plants’ • Gymnosperms and Angiosperms are broad categories of seed bearing plants.

  9. Gymnosperms • Gymnosperms have seeds with no covering (ie: a fruit or a seed coat). They bear woody cones that hold the seeds. • Gymnos means naked, sperm means seed: gymnosperm = naked seeds • There are 700 living species placed into four divisions: conifers, cycads, ginkgos, and gnetales (such as Ephedra).

  10. Angiosperms • Angiosperms were the last of the seed plant groups to evolve. • Angiosperms all produce flowers containing the sexual reproduction structures. • The angiosperms (angios=covered, sperm = seed) produce fruits and seeds. There are presently 235,000 known living species.

  11. Primitive Versus AdvancedFloral Characteristics • Advanced • Flower parts few, ten or less • Flower parts united or fused • Inferior ovary • Flowers with bilateral symmetry • Primitive • Flower parts many, more than ten • Flower parts free (not united or fused) • Superior ovary • Flowers with radial symmetry

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