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Life Span

Life Span. Chapter 8 Preschool. Preschool. Age 3-6yrs. Height & Weight. Height 2 ½ inches / year Weight 6 pounds / year. Body proportions. Subcutaneous tissue i Adipose tissue i Trunk growth ___ extremity growth <. Muscle & Bone Development. 75% of weight gain due to

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Life Span

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  1. Life Span Chapter 8 Preschool

  2. Preschool • Age • 3-6yrs

  3. Height & Weight • Height • 2 ½ inches / year • Weight • 6 pounds / year

  4. Body proportions • Subcutaneous tissue • i • Adipose tissue • i • Trunk growth ___ extremity growth • <

  5. Muscle & Bone Development • 75% of weight gain due to • Muscle growth

  6. Muscles & Bone Development • Hips rotate • Inward  • Adduction of the foot

  7. Muscle & Bone Development • Long bones • Red marrow  • Yellow marrow • Flat bones • Red marrow • Skull, Sternum, Pelvis • Blood cell production

  8. Teeth • Tooth decay • Plaque • Dental visits • Q 6 months

  9. Sensory Development • Vision • 20/20 • By age 5 • Depth perception • Color • Hearing • Ear infections

  10. Vital Signs • Pulse • 90-100 / minute • Resp • 22-25 / min • BP • 100 / 60

  11. Gross motor • 4 yrs • Walking / running • Tip toes • Hop & balance • One foot • Stairs • Alternating feet • Climb & jump • Tricycle • Catch a ball with arms • 5 yrs • h Coordination • Jump rope • Skip • Balance beam • Catch a ball with hands • Sports

  12. Fine motor • Self-care • Front /back • Spoon / fork • Toiletting • Draw • Scissors • Printing name

  13. Sexual Development • Genital awareness • Strong attachment to parent of • Opposite sex • Masturbation

  14. Psychosocial development: Initiative • Explore! • Pretending

  15. Psychosocial development: Discipline • Set limits • Discipline teaches  • Impulse control • Explore feelings

  16. Psychosocial development: • Jealousy • Affection • Attention • Recognition

  17. Preschool education • Purpose? • Cognitive • Motor • Social

  18. According to Piaget, what stage of cognitive development is a pre-school age child? • Analytical • Pre-conventional • Sensorimotor • Conventional • Pre-operational

  19. Cognitive development • Centration • Single focus • (person with a mask)

  20. Cognitive development • Centration • Lack reversibility • How 2 actions relate

  21. Cognitive development • Centration • Lack reversibility • Transductive reasoning • 2 simultaneous events  one caused the other

  22. Cognitive development • Centration • Lack reversibility • Transductive reasoning • Symbolic functioning

  23. Cognitive development • Centration • Lack reversibility • Transductive reasoning • Symbolic functioning • Animism • Objects have human feeling & intentions • (Grandma T’s microwave)

  24. Cognitive development • Centration • Lack reversibility • Transductive reasoning • Symbolic functioning • Animism • Intuitive thought • Believe without knowing why

  25. Cognitive development • Centration • Lack reversibility • Transductive reasoning • Symbolic functioning • Animism • Intuitive thought • No class inclusion • Can not see an object as belonging to 2 groups

  26. Cognitive development • Language & Memory • Egocentric • Share • Take turn • Follow rules • Creative • Increased attention span

  27. Communication • 4 yrs • 4 word sentences • Who, what, where • Nouns, verbs & adjectives • 5 yrs • 5+ word sentences • 2,000+ word vocabulary

  28. Nutrition • Caloric intake • 1,800 cal /day

  29. Sleep and Rest • 10-12 hours / night • Nap • 1 a day (if) • 30 – 60 minutes • Nightmares

  30. Play • Cooperative / associative play • Follow rules • Share • Take turns • Symbolic play continues • Audience • Imagination • Imaginary friends

  31. Play • Building confidence

  32. Play • Imagination

  33. Play • T.V.

  34. Safety • Car seats

  35. Safety • Water safety

  36. Safety • Stranger Danger

  37. Health Promotion • Booster shots • DPT • Diphtheria • Pertussis • Tetanus • IPT • Polio vaccine

  38. Thumb sucking • Malalignment of the teeth

  39. Enuresis • Bed-wetting • Boys _____ Girls • Boys > Girls

  40. Fears • Dark • Mutilation • Abandonment

  41. Handling Fears • Acknowledge • Reality • Reassure

  42. Fear of the dark

  43. Fear of mutilation

  44. Fear of Abandonment • Do NOT sneak or lie!

  45. Safety • Car seats • Injuries • Strangers

  46. Thumb sucking • Malalignment of the teeth

  47. Bed-wetting • Enuresis

  48. Fears • Dark • Mutilation • Abandonment

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