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5 . Database Design

CSCI N207 Data Analysis Using Spreadsheets. 5 . Database Design. Lingma Acheson Department of Computer and Information Science IUPUI. What Design is About. You are hired by a small business, and are asked to build a database system. How would you proceed?

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5 . Database Design

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  1. CSCI N207 Data Analysis Using Spreadsheets 5. Database Design Lingma Acheson Department of Computer and Information Science IUPUI

  2. What Design is About • You are hired by a small business, and are asked to build a database system. How would you proceed? • There is no data to start with . • Process: • Collect requirements • Interview potential users • Collect sample forms, reports, description of activities • Understand business rules and the nature of data

  3. What Design is About • Design the database • Sketch out the design • Document the design • Envision the future system • Create prototypes (small sample database) • Get feedbacks from the users • Implement the database

  4. Data Normalization • Must know before starting the design! • Different levels of normalization determines how good your table design is. • Relational model revisit:

  5. First Normal Form (1NF) E.g., Create tables to describe the students, advisors and registration information as below:

  6. First Normal Form (1NF) • First Normal Form: No repeating fields Table: REGISTRATION Problem - If we change the room of Jones, we must change it in several places.

  7. Second Normal Form (2NF) • Second Normal Form: Eliminate redundant data Table: REGISTRATION Table: STUDENT_ADVISOR Problem - If we remove one advisor, we will lose a student.

  8. Third Normal Form (3NF) • Third Normal Form: Eliminate data not dependant on key Table: STUDENT Table: REGISTRATION Table: ADVISOR

  9. Third Normal Form (3NF) • Third Normal Form requires creation of primary key and foreign key relationships. • Tables in a certain normalization level must satisfy the requirements of previous levels.

  10. Third Normal Form (3NF) • Fully normalized tables: Table: STUDENT Table: REGISTRATION Table: ADVISOR Table: CLASS

  11. Fourth & Fifth Normal Form • Further normalize the table, not covered in our class.

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