1 / 29

The road to revolution

The road to revolution. SSUSH3 The student will explain the primary causes of the American Revolution. a. Explain how the end of Anglo-French imperial competition as seen in the French and Indian War and the 1763 Treaty of Paris laid the groundwork for the American Revolution.

mandelina-jorgensen
Download Presentation

The road to revolution

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The road to revolution SSUSH3 The student will explain the primary causes of the American Revolution. a. Explain how the end of Anglo-French imperial competition as seen in the French and Indian War and the 1763 Treaty of Paris laid the groundwork for the American Revolution. b. Explain colonial response to such British actions as the Proclamation of 1763, the Stamp Act, and the Intolerable Acts as seen in Sons and Daughters of Liberty and Committees of Correspondence.

  2. Where We’ve Been • Jamestown and the Development of Virginia. • Sent by the Crown to establish colonies, find gold. (Virginia Company) • House of Burgesses (Jamestown, 1619) – first elected assembly in North America

  3. Where We’ve Been • Relations with Native Americans • Pohawtan/Pocahontas at Jamestown – first English encounter with Natives. • As demand for tobacco grew, settlers began expanding further in to Indian territory. • Virginia governor William Berkley refused to start armed conflict with Natives. • Nathaniel Bacon led a rebellion against the governor for his refusal to protect the interests of the farmers.

  4. Where We’ve Been • Development of the Colonies: 13 Original • New England: MA, CT, RI, NH • Middle Colonies: NY, PA, NJ, DE • Southern Colonies: VA, MD, NC, SC, GA

  5. Where We’ve Been • Religion in New England • Pilgrims left to find religious freedom. • Plymouth Rock, MA (Puritan colony) • Salem Witch Trials (mass hysteria; seen as “link” between medieval and the “Enlightenment”)

  6. Where We’ve Been • New England and Religion • Roger Williams – creation of Rhode Island • Anne Hutchinson – spoke out for the rights of women in the Puritan church • Half-way Covenant – a way to get the newer generations interested in Puritan church; seen as the beginnings of the 1st Great Awakening. • New England and Native Americans • King Phillip’s War – dispute between Natives/New Englanders; development of “American” identity.

  7. Where We’ve Been • Loss of the Massachusetts Charter • Document gave colonist’s certain rights; Crown took those rights away; began more control. • Creation of the “New England town” • Church/Meeting commons in the center; place for “democracy-style” meetings • First seeds of the republic traced back to these town-hall meetings in New England.

  8. Where We’ve Been • Middle Colonies • Dutch in New Amsterdam • Wars with England; eventually in control by English, renamed New York. • William Penn ; Quaker who founded Pennsylvania • Colony founded for religious freedom. • French interested in FUR in Canada.

  9. All of This Has Led to Where We Are NOW: European struggle for lands! Demographics of a changing society! Enlightenment and the Great Awakening! Slavery and Mercantilism! Beginnings of self-governance! Sectionalism! Relations with Natives!

  10. French and Indian War • Relations with ever-powerful British colonists and the Natives became strained. • The French, wishing to acquire passage from St. Lawrence River to MS River, tended to treat Indians with more respect. • Both sides fought for control of OHIO RIVER VALLEY.

  11. George Washington • Future President George Washington commanded British troops. • Under Washington’s command a group of British allied Native Americans killed a key French diplomat (de Jumonville) and thereby started the French and Indian War • Most Native American tribes allied with the French while the American colonists allied with the British • French and Native forces versus British. • Hence began French and Indian War

  12. Siege of Quebec and Treaty of Paris (1763) • Eventually the British would conquer the French Canadian capital city of Quebec at the mouth of the St. Lawrence River. (1759) • Treaty of Paris (1763) signed, formally ending the French and Indian War. • RESULT: French OUT of North America. British control all lands EAST of MS River, Spanish gain control WEST of MS River.

  13. Pontiac’s Rebellion and the Proclamation of 1763 • After French allies were defeated, Native Americans fought to keep encroaching British forces from taking more land in the OHIO RIVER VALLEY. • British called his uprising of Native Americans against the victorious British Pontiac’s Rebellion. • British signed Proclamation of 1763 with Natives, stating that they would not settle lands west of Appalachian Mountains.

  14. Aftermath of War • British amassed a HUGE war-time debt from fighting the French around the world. • Wanted stronger control over their colonial possessions. After all, they spent years fighting for it. • Benjamin Franklin proposed the Albany Plan of Union; whereas all 13 colonies would unite under British rule and cooperate with one another in times of war. (Colonies talk to each other)

  15. Aftermath of the War • Remember, at this time, the colonies viewed themselves as separate “entities”; after the French and Indian War, this “disunity” began to evolve slowly into “unity”. • Colonial transgressions shifted from the French towards the British. And the British helped fuel this fire with a series of taxes levied on the colonies to help shoulder some of the financial costs of the empire.

  16. Parliament Passes New Taxes • George Grenville (right); assumed charge of colonial policies; pushed for taxes on the colonists. • Sugar Act – first act passed; taxes on sugar and molasses used in making rum • Stamp Act – 2nd tax passed; taxes on anything paper: newspaper, licenses, deeds, even playing cards

  17. DISCUSS WITH GROUP - WHAT WERE THE FIRST 2 ACTS PASSED BY PARLIAMENT ON THE AMERICAN COLONIES? - WHAT DID EACH ACT PUT A TAX ON?

  18. “No Taxation Without Representation” • Colonists oppose England passing legislation on them without their approval. • Townshend Acts – taxes on glass, paint, tea; outcry forced crown to send in troops to restore order • Boston “Massacre” – protests between colonists and British troops turned deadly (March 1770)

  19. Reaction to “Massacre” • Samuel Adams – establishes Sons of Liberty (to protest taxes) and Committees of Correspondence; groups kept opposition to England alive through communication • Daughters of Liberty – led protest of British cloth by making their own clothing • Boston Tea Party – most of the Townshend Act taxes were dissolved except the tax on tea. • December 1773 – colonists board ships in Boston Harbor owned by British East India Company and dump thousands of dollars in product overboard. This inspired countless other protests across the colonies.

  20. DISCUSS WITH GROUP WHAT PHRASE BECAME THE RALLYING CRY OF THE COLONISTS? - WHAT PROTEST OCCURRED IN RESPONSE TO THE BRITISH TAX ON TEA?

  21. Preparing for Revolution • Intolerable Acts – included the Quartering Act and also closed Boston Harbor to trade • 1st Continental Congress – legislative body that was formed to address the problems of the colonies against British rule (Fall 1774) • “Give me Liberty or give me death!...I am not a Virginian, but an American!” – Patrick Henry (left)

  22. War Begins… • Paul Revere’s famous “Midnight Ride” (“One if by land, two if by sea”) • Battle of Lexington-Concord – (April 1775) • “Shot heard ‘round the world” • 2nd Continental Congress (May 1775); collective effort to help New England by ALL colonies by sending troops (militias) • Appointed Virginian George Washington to command the Continental Army

  23. Discuss with group NAME AND BRIEFLY DESCRIBE ONE THE THE INTOLERABLE (OR COERCIVE) ACTS. AT WHAT BATTLE WAS THE “SHOT HEARD ‘ROUND THE WORLD” FIRED? WHO FIRED THE SHOT?

  24. Different People with Different Agendas • Loyalists – colonists LOYAL to England; mostly well-educated, older and rich. Most numerous in Southern colonies. • Patriots – colonists who wanted freedom from England; minority of colonists (most were neutral). Most numerous in New England. • Battle of Bunker Hill – June 1775; King George officially declares colonies in rebellion • “Olive Branch” Petition – July 1775; letter sent to King George III professing allegiance to him but not Parliament. George III rejected it.

  25. Discuss with group AFTER WHICH BATTLE DID KING GEORGE III OFFICIALLY DECLARE THAT THE AMERICAN COLONIES WERE IN REBELLION? BRIEFLY DESCRIBE THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE OLIVE BRANCH PETITION. WAS IT ACCEPTED OR REJECTED?

  26. What’s Next • Create an illustrated timeline that includes the following events: • French and Indian War • Sons of Liberty formed • Tea Act • First Continental Congress • Declaration of Independence • Proclamation of 1763

  27. What’s NextCreate an illustrated timeline that includes the following events:- • French and Indian War • Sons of Liberty formed • Tea Act • First Continental Congress • Declaration of Independence • Proclamation of 1763 • Stamp Act • Boston Tea Party • Lexington & Concord • Common Sense published • Quartering Act • Boston Massacre • Intolerable Acts • Second Continental Congress • For Each Event: • Title of Event and Date • Quote from a primary about/from the event • Color illustration • One Sentence Explanation of the event

More Related