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Renaissance Art & Architecture

Renaissance Art & Architecture . The Rebirth of Classical Ideas. Background & Phases. 1050 – 1350 Population growth Economic development City – states 1200 – late 1500s Artistic achievement. Bellini: Sacra Conversazione. Intellectual Development.

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Renaissance Art & Architecture

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  1. Renaissance Art & Architecture The Rebirth of Classical Ideas

  2. Background & Phases • 1050 – 1350 • Population growth • Economic development • City – states • 1200 – late 1500s • Artistic achievement Bellini: Sacra Conversazione

  3. Intellectual Development • Humanism: Glorify Human Form & Potential • Revival of classical antiquity • Individualism • Secular focus Titian: Assumption of the Virgin

  4. Renaissance Italy • City-States • Power People • Medici (F) • Este (Ferrara) • Sforza (M) • Doge (V) • Pope (PS)

  5. Florence • Commerce / Trade • Banking: Medici • Textile • Patronage

  6. Renaissance Art: Techniques • Religious >> Secular subjects • Realistic • Perspective • Movement • Symmetry • Proportion Ghirlandiao: Adoration of the Shepherds

  7. Medieval Flat Religious Static Renaissance 3-D Secular / Human focus Movement Medieval v. Renaissance Ghirlandaio: Angel Appearing to Zacharias

  8. Giotto de Bondone: The Mourning of Christ • Florentine School * Fresco * Individuals

  9. Massaccio: Tribute Money • Florentine School * Perspective * Realism

  10. Sandro Botticelli: Madonna of the Magnificat • Expression Botticelli Face Emotional • Double focal points: Crown + Book

  11. Major Artists: Ninja Turtles! Raphael – Michelangelo – Donatello – Leonardo

  12. Raphael: Pope Leo X with Two Cardinals1518 • Vatican Murals Commissioned by Pope Julius II • Leo X = Julius II successor • Focal Point = Face

  13. Raphael: The School of Athens • In the Vatican: Stanza della Signatura • Blending of Greek + Renaissance • Symmetry • Perspective • Depth • Light

  14. Leonardo da Vinci • Renaissance Man • Multi-talented • Anatomy, mechanics, art, astronomy, weaponry… • China?

  15. Leonardo: The Last Supper • Fresco * Symmetry * Individual Expression

  16. Leonardo: Mona Lisa • Symmetry • “Sfumato” • Blur • Blend • Mystery • The Grin

  17. Leonardo’s Notebooks • Vetruvian Man • Anatomy advances painting & sculpture

  18. Michelangelo: Sistine Chapel • M = sculptor, painter, architect • Commissioned by Pope Julius II 1508 • Scaffold, personally completed • Old & New Testament reflects the Renaissance Era

  19. Renaissance Sculpture • Classical Realism • Free standing • Marble & Bronze • Full body, busts & reliefs

  20. Humanism & Individuality • Individuality portrayed in details

  21. Ghiberti’s Doors - Florence • 1423, Florentine, he was only 23! • Bronze cast + gilding • 20 yrs N doors • 25 yrs E doors • “Creation” • Realism

  22. Donatello’s David • Free standing nude • Proportion of human form • 5’ tall, After beating Goliath

  23. Michelangelo’s David • Marble • 16’ tall • Details • As David decides to battle Goliath • Classical style, details

  24. Renaissance Architecture • Columns • Arch • Dome • Harmony via proportion • The Circle is key • Math!

  25. Church & Architecture • RCC builds to draw people • Tells the Biblical narrative • Visual & Symbolic

  26. Church Architecture: Florence • Santa Maria del Fiore begun 1294 by Arnolfo di Cambio, died 1302 • Began cupola (cup shaped dome)

  27. Church Architecture: Florence • Filippo Brunelleschi, 1418 figured out how to complete… ever decreasing circles with ribs to bear weight • Scaffolding upwards

  28. Michelangelo hired by Pope Paul III in 1546… worked until death in 1564 Inside St. Peter’s: High Altar Nave Ceiling Roman arches Under Dome Single dome with arch support Church Architecture: St. Peter’s

  29. Church Architecture: Bramante’s Tempietto • Renaissance “Greatest Architect” • Commissioned by K+Q of Spain: Ferdinand & Isabella • St. Peter’s death site • Doric columns + Roman dome, 15’ diameter

  30. Renaissance Writers Voice of Humanism Dante Alighieri – Petrarch – Boccaccio - Castiglione

  31. Renaissance Writers • Dante 1265-1321 • Divine Comedy Allegory • Vernacular • Petrarch1304-1374 • Sonnets in Italian • Boccaccio1313-1375 • Decameron = Plague • Castiglione1478-1529 • The Courtier = model

  32. Northern Renaissance • Began in Flanders >> Holland • Erasmus 1466-1536: reconcile Christian character w/ Humanism… Colloquies, Adages, new Bible A. Dűrer – Hans Holbein (Young) – van Eyck

  33. Northern Renaissance • Dűrer (G) 1471-1528 • Woodcuts • Mass Marketing • Holbein the Younger (G) 1497-1543 • Portraits, Henry VIII • Expressions • Van Eyck (Flem) 1390-1441 • Oil Paint developer • Realism possible

  34. English Renaissance: Elizabethan Era • G. Chaucer • Canterbury Tales: Vernacular • Sir Th. More • Utopia: Ideal place of virtue • Spenser • Faerie Queen: Ode • Marlowe = plays • Shakespeare • Comedy, tragedy, morality

  35. Renaissance Impact • Genius of humanity all at once… why? • Changed art & architecture forever • Individualism drives future thought

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