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Dome of the Rock Temple Mount Jerusalem

Dome of the Rock Temple Mount Jerusalem. Spread of Islam. Early Problems. Who would lead? A permanent split in the Islamic community Sunnis – Respected community leader Shia (Shi’ite) – Family Member must lead. Caliph Abu Bakr Sunni. Continued raids on Byzantine and Persian territory

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Dome of the Rock Temple Mount Jerusalem

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  1. Dome of the Rock Temple Mount Jerusalem

  2. Spread of Islam

  3. Early Problems Who would lead? A permanent split in the Islamic community • Sunnis – Respected community leader • Shia (Shi’ite) – Family Member must lead

  4. Caliph Abu BakrSunni • Continued raids on Byzantine and Persian territory • Killed any dissident elements or tribes • Disposed any “new prophets”

  5. Caliph AliShia - Shi’ite Organize separate party called “Shia”

  6. Reasons for success • Exhaustion of Byzantium and Persia • End of a 400 year war • Speed and Size of Muslim armies • Acceptance of “People of the Book”

  7. Reasons for success • exhaustion of Rome and Persia • End of a 400 year war • speed and size of Muslim armies • acceptance of the Old and New Testament • “People of the Book” • Apostasy(Backsliders = treason = death)

  8. Umayyad • Ali assassinated in 661 A.D.

  9. Umayyad • Ali assassinated in 661 A.D. Created a War Machine

  10. Umayyad empire • Atlantic Ocean to India • Damascus, Syria: center of the Islamic World

  11. The Abbasid Dynasty(750-1258 CE) Defeats Umayyad army in 750 • Invited Umayyad to banquet, massacred them

  12. The Abbasid Dynasty(786-809 CE) “The Golden Age of IslamHigh Point of Islamic Empires

  13. The Abbasid Dynasty(786-809 CE) “The Golden Age of IslamHigh Point of Islamic Empires Baghdad City of Peace, Gift of God, Paradise on Earth

  14. The Abbasid Dynasty(786-809 CE) High Point of Islamic Empires Baghdad City of Peace, Gift of God, Paradise on Earth • Arabic Numerals

  15. The Abbasid Dynasty(786-809 CE) High Point of Islamic Empires Baghdad City of Peace, Gift of God, Paradise on Earth • Arabic Numerals • Ships of the Desert

  16. The Abbasid Dynasty(786-809 CE) High Point of Islamic Empires Baghdad City of Peace, Gift of God, Paradise on Earth • Arabic Numerals • Ships of the Desert • Banking Practices • (Sakk – Check)

  17. The Abbasid Dynasty(786-809 CE) High Point of Islamic Empires Baghdad City of Peace, Gift of God, Paradise on Earth • Arabic Numerals • Ships of the Desert • Banking Practices • (Sakk – Check) • Literature: • The Thousand and One Nights • Aladdin

  18. Consequences of Expansion • Christendom loses oldest lands • Jerusalem and Constantinople • Collapse of Zoroastrianism as a major Persian religion

  19. West Africa Gold and Salt Trade 600 – 1600: 8 tons of gold exported annually

  20. Ghana:present day Mali • Fertile V-Valley of Niger River and Senegal River • Arab writers: “the land of gold”

  21. Influence of Islam Umayyad Military Empire

  22. Influence of Islam Ummayyad Military Empire Islamic Merchants (traders) brought their faith • Muslims employed • Written language • Coinage • Business methods

  23. Mansa MusaKingdom of Mali • Converted to Islam • Expanded the borders west ward to Atlantic Ocean • Did not impose Islam on his people • Justice system based on Quran

  24. Mansa Musa Five Pillars of Islam: Hajj • Forged new diplomatic and economic ties to Arab states • Brought back • scholars • Architects • Teachers to promote Islamic education in Mali • Islamic university In Timbuktu

  25. 90% of Islamic world today is SunniMost of Iran is Shiite

  26. Assignment: Create a Graphic Organizer for each of the followingMuslim Expansion and Empires • Dates • Center of Government • Accomplishments • Find at least one accomplishment from outside research that is NOT in your book • Umayyad • Abbasid • Mali • Mansa Musa

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