CHAPTER 14, Section 3: Cotton Kingdom in the South

1. CHAPTER 14, Section 3: Cotton Kingdom in the South Do you have any clothes made out of cotton? Why do you think it is such a popular fabric for clothes? What impact did cotton have on the United States?

2. Make a Prediction… From movies you’ve seen or books you’ve read, how do you think southern industries, cities, and life contrasted with those in the North?

3. COTTON AND MORE… • Eli Whitney invents the Cotton Gin • The “Cotton Kingdom” spread throughout the South, increasing the demand for slaves • Agricultural Economy: cotton, rice, sugar cane, tobacco, livestock • Limited Industry, only produced items needed for Southern farmers: cotton gins, plows, planters, etc. • Southern cities: New Orleans, Charleston, Richmond (fewer than 8% of white southerners lived in towns of more than 4,000 people) • South depended on the North and Europe

4. Cotton Production and Slavery http://www.pearsonsuccessnet.com/snpapp/login/login.jsp

5. “Cotton is King. You dare not make war on cotton!” – South Carolina Senator James Henry List ways that economic dependency on cotton helped the South and ways that this dependency harmed the South.

6. Key Section Questions • What made it possible for southern planters to boost their profits after 1793? • Why did an agricultural economy develop in the South? • Describe the South’s dependence on the North. • What products did southerners buy largely from the North? • How did the practice of slavery hurt the development of southern industry? Workers cleaned more cotton in the same time with a gin The land and climate were ideal for cotton, rice and livestock Southern planters borrowed money from northern banks to buy farm tools Manufactured goods Slaves had no money to buy manufactured goods