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Catherine Huybrechts - Project Manager, NASA Ames Research Center DEVELOP

California Integrated Waste Management Board/ NASA Ames Research Center/ San Jose State University Foundation Detecting Waste Tires Project. December 2005. Catherine Huybrechts - Project Manager, NASA Ames Research Center DEVELOP Becky Quinlan - NASA Ames Research Center DEVELOP

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Catherine Huybrechts - Project Manager, NASA Ames Research Center DEVELOP

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  1. California Integrated Waste Management Board/ NASA Ames Research Center/San Jose State University FoundationDetecting Waste Tires Project December 2005 Catherine Huybrechts - Project Manager, NASA Ames Research Center DEVELOP Becky Quinlan - NASA Ames Research Center DEVELOP Cindy Schmidt - Mentor, San Jose State University/ NASA Ames Research Center J.W. Skiles, PhD - Mentor, NASA Ames Research Center Darryl L. Petker - Project Coordinator, California Integrated Waste Management Board

  2. DEVELOP Internship Program • Student-led / student-run program which produces earth science-based pilot projects with supervision from NASA scientists • DEVELOP students combine fieldwork with NASA facilities, techniques, computers, and technology • Projects directed towards community development, management, local policy and/or environmental issues in support of decision-support tools

  3. Waste Tires Waste tire piles pose potential environmental threats in the forms of toxic fires and as mosquito habitat. Previous techniques: • California Highway Patrol helicopter surveillance • Communication with locals • File and records checks • Follow-up on location tips

  4. GOAL: Use commercially available high-resolution satellite imagery to locate and map illegal waste tire piles in two climate regions of California. TECHNIQUES / TOOLS: standard image analysis methods, pertinent geospatial technology, computer automation DESIGN OBJECTIVE: Create a methodology with end-user functionality that rapidly and consistently analyzes satellite imagery. Project Goal and Techniques

  5. Background Research Survey of Government Agencies Working with Waste Tires UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Literature Review & Public Survey* no computer models no satellite imagery interpretation techniques for tires *51 people, 14 solid waste disposal or environmental service agencies, in 23 states and the country of Mexico State expressed interest in technology

  6. Satellite Imagery 101 Landsat TM Spectral Resolution Panchromatic “True” Color Near Infrared Mid-Infrared

  7. Study Areas: Two Climates Coastal Climate Desert Climate CALIFORNIA Site 3: Lucerne Valley Site 1: Sonoma West Site 4: Coachella Valley Site 2: Sonoma East

  8. Sites 1 & 2: pasture and agricultural land control erosion spatially cohesive piles Fieldwork Data collection conducted at most study areas sites. Observations were catalogued. • Sites 3 & 4: • agricultural land, abandoned properties • fences to mark property lines • spatially dispersed piles

  9. Methodology and TIRe Model Image Processing Flow Chart Satellite Image TIRe Model Visually Interpret to Identify Tire Piles Map of Known & Suspected Tire Piles = TIRe Model output TIRe – Tire Identification from Reflectance

  10. = output from TIRe Model = Known tire sites = New tire sites Image Processing Input original satellite image Final map with road layer

  11. Map Output

  12. TIRe model Accuracy TIRe Model produced false-positives at each study site. False-positives were commonly attributed to shadows, water, debris piles and features with tire material content such as black tarps, polyethylene tubing, and parking lots. Continued communication with field inspectors will dramatically reduce number of false positives.

  13. Benefits of Technology • Technology reduces time required by CHP and others to initially survey a region for tire sites and increases inspectors / managers time for mediation of sites • Provides a synoptic, geographically accurate survey of an area • Geographic Information Systems (GIS), used to create hard- copy maps, can be customized to inspector’s and manager’s geospatial and visual preferences • Satellite imagery is a readily commercially available product • Unique technology may be further developed for use in locating and mapping environmental nuisances such as oil spills, landfills or other waste-related issues

  14. Conclusions • Effective communication between analysts and inspectors is essential to successful results • The model accurately located all waste tire piles used for testing and located at least two new sites • Project was completed on-time and within budget

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