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WESTWARD MIGRATION SSUSH6 The student will analyze the nature of territorial and population growth and the impact of this growth in the early decades of the new nation.
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WESTWARD MIGRATIONSSUSH6 The student will analyze the nature of territorial and population growth and the impact of this growth in the early decades of the new nation. a. Explain the Northwest Ordinance’s importance in the westward migration of Americans, and on slavery, public education, and the addition of new states. b. Describe Jefferson’s diplomacy in obtaining the Louisiana Purchase from France and the territory’s exploration by Lewis and Clark.
Northwest Ordinance • The ordinance was passed under the Articles of Confederation as a means of raising money for the new government • It set up an orderly way of settling the new territory by dividing the area into townships
Northwest Ordinance • The Northwest Ordinance: 1-guaranteed freedom of religion, property, and trial by jury. 2-forbad slavery, beginning the division between northern and southern states 3-set aside land for the support of public education 4-set up rules for how territories could become states
What ordinances were passed to entice settlers to move into the new territory?
Education, Slavery, New States • Education: Schools were seen as a place to instill “American Values.” Many states guaranteed public education in their state constitutions. • Noah Webster: created 1st US Dictionary • Slavery: Not allowed. Many free blacks move to Ohio River. • New States Created out of North West Ordinance: Ohio, Illinois, Michigan, Indiana, Wisconsin
Objective: To examine the causes and effects of the Louisiana Purchase. Do Now: Why is Toussaint L’Ouverture considered to be a hero in Haiti? (p. 272)
In 1801, Toussaint L'Ouverture led black slaves in a revolt in Haiti against the French, killing 35,000 French soldiers. The Haitian Revolution • Haiti became an independent nation in 1804. Video: (6:35) Freeing Haiti (Segment from Africans in America: Brotherly Love: 1791–1831)
The Louisiana Purchase • France was on the brink of war with Great Britain and needed money. • Therefore, the French leader, Napoleon, sold all of Louisiana to the U.S. for $15 million in 1803.
Lewis and Clark • Lewis and Clark were sent to find an all water route across the continent. • The party consisted of 33 people and Lewis’ dog. (left) William Clark and (right) Meriwether Lewis
Sacagawea, a Shoshone woman, served as their guide and interpreter.
Lewis and Clark’s Corps of Expedition: A Partial Supply List • Mathematical Instruments: • surveyor’s compass • hand compass • telescope • chronometer (needed to calculate longitude) • Clothing: • 45 flannel shirts • coats • shoes • woolen pants • blankets • knapsacks • stockings
Lewis and Clark’s Corps of Expedition: A Partial Supply List • Camp Supplies: • 150 yards of cloth to be oiled and sewn into tents and sheets • 30 steels for striking to make fire • handsaws • hatchets • whetstones • iron corn mill • mosquito curtains • 10 1/2 pounds of fishing hooks and fishing lines • 12 pounds of soap • 193 pounds of "portable soup" (a thick paste concocted by boiling down beef, eggs and vegetables) • three bushels of salt • writing paper, ink and crayons
Lewis and Clark’s Corps of Expedition: A Partial Supply List • Arms and Ammunition: • 15 prototype Model 1803 muzzle-loading .54 caliber rifles • knives • 500 rifle flints • 420 pounds of sheet lead for bullets • 176 pounds of gunpowder packed in 52 lead canisters • 1 long-barreled rifle that fired its bullet with compressed air, rather than by flint, spark and powder
Lewis and Clark’s Corps of Expedition: A Partial Supply List • Medicine and Medical Supplies: • 50 dozen Dr. Rush’s patented "Rush’s pills" • lancets • forceps • syringes • tourniquets • 1,300 doses of physic • 1,100 hundred doses of emetic • 3,500 doses of diaphoretic (sweat inducer) • other drugs for blistering, salivation and increased kidney output
Lewis and Clark’s Corps of Expedition: A Partial Supply List • Traveling Library: • Barton’s Elements of Botany • Antoine Simon Le Page du Pratz’s History of Louisiana • Richard Kirwan’s Elements of Mineralogy • A Practical Introduction to Spherics and Nautical Astronomy • The Nautical Almanac and Astronomical Ephemeris • a four-volume dictionary • a two-volume edition of Linnaeus (the founder of the Latin classification of plants) • tables for finding longitude and latitude • map of the Great Bend of the Missouri River
Lewis and Clark’s Corps of Expedition: A Partial Supply List • Presents for Indian Tribes Encountered: • 12 Dozen pocket mirrors • 4,600 Sewing needles • 144 Small scissors • 10 Pounds (4.5 kilograms) of sewing thread • Silk ribbons • Ivory combs • Handkerchiefs • Yards of bright-colored cloth • 130 Rolls of tobacco • Tomahawks that doubled as pipes • 288 Knives • 20 Pounds (9 kilograms) of assorted beads, mostly blue • 5 Pounds (2 kilograms) of small, white, glass beads
Lewis and Clark did not find an all water route across the continent. • However, they: - learned a lot about the land and - started friendly relations with Native American tribes. Concluding Video (2:27)
Keelboat • 55 feet long • Used poles or ropes to move it against the current • Weighed 12,000 pounds • Carried 13,000 pounds of supplies • Had a swivel gun mounted on the front of the boat which was never used
