1 / 7

Genomes & Gene Organization

Genomes & Gene Organization. 7.6. What is a genome?. “an organism’s complete set of DNA, including all of its genes” (http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/hgp/genome) the Human Genome Project sequenced the 3 billion base pairs that make up the human genome. Comparative Genomics.

maia
Download Presentation

Genomes & Gene Organization

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Genomes & Gene Organization 7.6

  2. What is a genome? • “an organism’s complete set of DNA, including all of its genes” (http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/hgp/genome) • the Human Genome Project sequenced the 3 billion base pairs that make up the human genome

  3. Comparative Genomics

  4. Genome Components • eukaryotic genomes are composed of coding and non-coding regions • human genome: • < 2% codes for proteins • 24% is introns • almost 75% is between the genes (some is functional (promoters, etc.) but more than 50% of total is non-functional)

  5. Eukaryotic Non-coding DNA • variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) or microsatellites • LINEs (long interspersed nuclear elements); about 6500 bp long • SINEs (short interspersed nuclear elements); about 500 bp long

  6. More non-coding DNA… • transposons are small sequences of DNA that can move • pseudogenes are similar to existing genes (possibly mutated versions of older genes?); e.g. dolphins & sense of smell

  7. Is more better? • mammalian genome 300 times larger than yeast genome but there are almost the same number of genes in both • complexity of organisms is more likely related to organization & regulation rather than the size of the genome

More Related