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Chapter 10 1920s: The Jazz Age

Chapter 10 1920s: The Jazz Age. 10.2 A Growing Economy. I. The Rise of New Industries. A. Factories began using mass production techniques 1. increased production, lower costs, & higher wages 2. more demand for consumer goods. I. The Rise of New Industries….

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Chapter 10 1920s: The Jazz Age

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  1. Chapter 10 1920s: The Jazz Age

  2. 10.2 A Growing Economy

  3. I. The Rise of New Industries A. Factories began using mass production techniques 1. increased production, lower costs, & higher wages 2. more demand for consumer goods

  4. I. The Rise of New Industries… • Henry Ford effectively mass produced the Model T by using the moving assembly line "I will build a car for the great multitude. It will be large enough for the family, but small enough for the individual to run and care for. It will be constructed of the best materials, by the best men to be hired, after the simplest designs that modern engineering can devise. But it will be low in price that no man making a good salary will be unable to own one-and enjoy with his family the blessing of hours of pleasure in God's great open spaces.” - Henry Ford

  5. I. The Rise of New Industries… C. Ford also improved working conditions by raising workers’ wages & reducing work hours Ford did not invent the assembly line - he improved it by installing a conveyor belt. Ransome Eli Olds invented the assembly line in 1901 & started the Detroit area automobile industry.

  6. I. The Rise of New Industries… • Passenger airlines carried more people in the late 1920s 1. Charles Lindbergh’s transatlantic solo, nonstop flight in 1927 brought much attention to the possibilities of the airline industry

  7. I. The Rise of New Industries… E. Nationwide radio broadcasts (1920) led to the spread of trends & ideas

  8. II. The Consumer Society • Mass production led to the creation of new consumer goods

  9. II. The Consumer Society… • People began to buy the new items using credit • “Buy now, pay later” • Being in debt was no longer shameful Washing Machine $97.50 $5 down, $8 a month Sofa $74.50 $5 down, $8 a month Refrigerator $87.50 $5 down, $10 a month Vacuum Cleaner $28.50 $2 down, $4 a month •In 1925, Americans made 75% of all automobile purchases on the installment plan. • One study showed that working men who made $35 a week often spent $35 a month paying for the family car.

  10. II. The Consumer Society… C. To attract customers, manufacturers turned to advertising

  11. II. The Consumer Society… • Not all Americans shared in this economic boom • Minorities & women lost jobs from the war • Native Americans remained isolated on reservations • New immigrants were stuck in low paying factory jobs

  12. III. The Farm Crisis • Farmers struggled financially during the 1920s 1. Following the war, demand for their crops dropped but supply remained high

  13. III. The Farm Crisis • In response, Congress passed the Fordney-McCumber Act, which raised tariffs • This provoked a reaction in foreign markets against American farm products

  14. III. The Farm Crisis… • Congress also proposed the McNary-Haugen Bill • Plan would raise farm prices by allowing the govt. to buy surpluses • President Coolidge vetoed it

  15. Henry Ford is known for… • Inventing the assembly line • Inventing the car • Mass producing the car • Lowering wages & increasing hours

  16. Mass production led to all of the following EXCEPT… • Higher wages • Higher costs • Increased demand for consumer goods • Increased production

  17. All of the following are TRUE about Henry Ford EXCEPT… • He was referred to as an “ignorant genius” • He required his employees to learn English • He profited off of the war • He paid all workers $5/day without any restrictions

  18. Which is the BEST reason as to why Americans were able to purchase more in the 1920s? • Lower prices • Higher wages • Advertised sales • Availability of credit

  19. The McNary-Haugen Bill called for the government to… • Place tariffs on foreign agricultural products • Set lower prices for agricultural products sold in the U.S. • Increase taxes on farmers • Buy American crop surpluses and sell them abroad

  20. After World War I, the U.S. economy prospered from new industries including all of the following EXCEPT… • The expansion of air travel • The invention of the television • The growth of radio • The automobile industry

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