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The Civil Rights Movement

& Poverty and Woman’s Rights. The Civil Rights Movement. State of the Union: 1950. 13-15 th Amendments supposed to provide equal rights Plessy v. Ferguson (1896): separate but equal WWII Workforce Armed forces Active protests. Homer Plessy. North v. South Segregation.

macaulay-velazquez
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The Civil Rights Movement

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  1. & Poverty and Woman’s Rights The Civil Rights Movement

  2. State of the Union: 1950 • 13-15th Amendments supposed to provide equal rights • Plessy v. Ferguson (1896): separate but equal • WWII • Workforce • Armed forces • Active protests Homer Plessy

  3. North v. South Segregation • North: De Facto Segregation • – it exists w/o laws • South: Du Jure Segregation • - Laws keep segregation

  4. Brown v. Board of Education - 1954 • Separate is not equal • Chief Justice Earl Warren • Unanimous decision

  5. Montgomery Bus Boycott 1955 • Rosa Parks refuses to give up her seat • MLK leads the bus boycott • Non-violent even when MLK’s home is bombed • 381 days • Supreme Court outlaws bus segregation

  6. Little Rock 9/1957 • Stand off between Gov. Faubus & federal judge • Faubus sends national guard to prevent entry of the “Little Rock 9” • President Eisenhower orders troops to let students attend school • Civil Rights Act 1957 – more federal power over desegregation

  7. Sit-ins 1960 • African-American students sit at a lunch counter and refuse to leave until they are served • Greensboro NC • National news attention • Movement spreads • Arrests, beatings • Lunch counters desegregated

  8. Groups You Should • NACCP – National Association for the Advancement of Colored People • Thurgood Marshall • CORE – Congress of Racial Equality • SCLC – Southern Christian Leadership Council • MKL Jr. • SNCC – Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee • Stokely Carmichael (29.3)

  9. Southern Integration ‘61 • Freedom Riders – CORE & SNCC • White & Black riders enter the South • Justice Department called in • Ole Miss • Veteran James Meredith enrolls • Birmingham • (Non-violence vs. violence) + TV = end segregation

  10. Washington DC - 1963/4 • President JFK pushes civil rights - assassinated • MLK Jr. - “I Have a Dream.” • Civil Rights Act 1964: race, religion, national origin, gender. Also public places.

  11. LBJ – War on Poverty • Economic Opportunity Act • $1b to help poor youth • Job Corps • Head Start

  12. Voting Rights – 1964/5 • Freedom Summer – MI Burning (‘64) • Selma – voting rights (’65) • (non-violence meets violence) + TV → • Voting Rights Act 1965 • Increasing voter rights • No more literacy tests

  13. LBJ – Great Society • Healthcare – Medicare & Medicaid • Low-income housing • Immigration Act 1965 – ends quotas

  14. Warren Court • Chief Justice Earl Warren • Brown v. Board (’54) • expands power of national gov’t • rights of the accused (Miranda) (’66)

  15. Malcolm X & the Nation of Islam • Blacks should separate from white society • (Black Separatists) • Armed self-defense

  16. Black Militancy • Black Power – Stokely Carmichael (SNCC) • Black Panthers – Oakland • Combat police brutality • Provide for African-American community

  17. 1968 • MLK assassinated • - opposed to Black militancy • - beginning to combat poverty • - rioting • RFK assassinated • - Democratic presidential candidate • - working for civil rights

  18. Legacy of Civil Rights Mov’t • Civil Rights Act 1968 – ends housing discrimination • Voting increases • African-American pride • Affirmative Action http://www.4uth.gov.ua/usa/english/laws/majorlaw/voting/intro_c.htm

  19. Women’s Movement • Feminism: women should have economic, political and social equality

  20. Women’s Mov’t: Complaints • Workplace inequality • Job opportunity • Earnings • Political inequality • SNCC & Civil Rights mov’t male dominated

  21. Changes • - Roe v. Wade: a woman’s right to have an abortion • - Ms. & last names • Ban on gender discrimination in higher education

  22. The New Right • - Fight against women’s movement • Fear of drafting women, end of laws protecting women, end of husband responsibilities • Becomes a staple of the Republican coalition -> Ronald Reagan

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