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Dyslexia

Dyslexia. Ng Kai Ting (22), Goh Rui Jing (11), Lin Yanting ( 19) , Melissa Bea(2) . What disabilities are prevalent in Singapore?. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Attention Hyperactivity Deficit Disorder (ADHD) Dyslexia (Auditory Processing Disorder). What is dyslexia?.

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Dyslexia

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  1. Dyslexia Ng Kai Ting (22), GohRui Jing (11), Lin Yanting (19), Melissa Bea(2)

  2. What disabilities are prevalent in Singapore? • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) • Attention Hyperactivity Deficit Disorder (ADHD) • Dyslexia (Auditory Processing Disorder)

  3. What is dyslexia? • A disorder manifested by difficulty in learning to read despite conventional instruction, adequate intelligence, and socio-cultural opportunity.

  4. How do they read? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k8wihmuAkrw For Complete video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ojt_WgVxqKY

  5. Prevalence • Differs according to definitions used • Affects roughly 3% of our school age population • According to DAS, 20,000 primary and secondary students are suffering from dyslexia. • Higher in English speakers as compared to speakers of other languages

  6. Characteristics • 7 domains: • General • Hearing and Speech • Writing and Motor Skills • Math and Time Management • Memory and Cognition • Vision, Reading and Spelling • Behavior, Health, Development and Personality 37 Characteristics of Dyslexia

  7. Characteristics • 4 common characteristics of a child with dyslexia face: • Spelling • Sentence Punctuation • Handwriting • Sequencing ideas

  8. Two main possible causes • Inheritance • Hearing problems at an early age

  9. Services available • Local Service Provider

  10. What do they offer? • Assessments • Courses and workshops • Education therapy • Education Program • Professional speech and language therapists • Math Program • 2 subsidiaries • DAS International • DAS Academy

  11. Assessments • Screening Assessment • Age between 4 years 6 months to 6 years 5 months • Used to see if a child is showing signs of at risk of literacy delay or dyslexia • Main purpose: to narrow down the group to identify those that need a more thorough test for dyslexia • Psychological Assessment • Age between 6 years old and 17 years old • A full assessment is used to measure the child’s abilities in various aspects

  12. Technologies • Offered under DAS International • Various softwares • Text to Speech • Typing Tutor • Spelling • DAS Academy • Phonic Card • Electronic Dictionary • Manuals such as Toe by toe • Stride Ahead

  13. What do they offer? • Assessment • Comprehensive Dyslexia Testing (Includes IQ test, Language Test, Phonological Test) • Remedial Classes in English, Mandarin & Mathematic • Resources • Phonogram sound cards • Vocabulary games • Multisensory approach method

  14. What do they offer? • Literacy skills assessment • Screening • Early intervention therapy • Education therapy • Resources • Multi-sensory math kits • Training courses • Orton-Gillingham English course • Orton-Gillingham Math course • Literacy and numeracy skills (Orton-Gillingham)

  15. Issues and challenges • Part 1 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FENG-rwbyBI&feature=youtu.be • Part 2http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kZPmovmMWLM

  16. Issues and challenges • Weak in Phonological awareness • Speaking • Delay in speech development • Mispronunciations • Fluency of speech • Sequencing of thoughts • Reading • Unable to link letters to their sounds • Difficulty in differentiating visual characteristics of letters • Effortful reading needed • Writing • Weak memory and poor spelling • Trouble with handwriting

  17. Issues and Challenges • English speakers higher rates of dyslexia • Opaque writing system • Italian, Spanish • Transparent writing system • Chinese • Logographic writing system • Japanese • Combination of logographic and Transparent writing system Question: Lack of obvious dyslexia in Japanese? High level of transparency in writing system?

  18. Issues and Challenges • Bilingualism: Overwhelming for a child with dyslexia? • Child maybe overwhelmed by 2 languages OR • Learn from different language experiences using their knowledge to cope with their disability

  19. How can teachers help? • Possess primary knowledge of  dyslexia and the process of getting help from specialists • Early intervention • A conducive learning environment • Planning achievable goals • Acceptance of child’s learning style • Educator’s confidence in a child • Optimize the child’s learning • Effective teaching methods

  20. Our thoughts

  21. Useful Links • Characteristics of Dyslexia • DrJiaJia: Deliciously dyslexic • Dyslexia Association of Singapore • Assistive Technology

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