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Why A Long-Duration Balloon?

Why A Long-Duration Balloon?. HAWK Hierarchical Assembly through Wide-field Kinematics. Image Quality Comparison. Atmospheric Parameters Comparison. Data from Ford et al . 2000. Presented by Chuck Joseph 26-March-06. Novel HAWK Telescope Optical Design.

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Why A Long-Duration Balloon?

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  1. Why A Long-Duration Balloon? HAWK Hierarchical Assembly through Wide-field Kinematics Image Quality Comparison Atmospheric Parameters Comparison Data from Ford et al. 2000 Presented by Chuck Joseph 26-March-06

  2. Novel HAWK Telescope Optical Design System is fully steerable over 0.5° x 1.5° using only tip/tilt of a 10 cm flat mirror 0.5° x 1.5° field of regard2.2 arcmin IFOV Primary mirror1.8 m diameterf/2.7 (from MMT) Pickoff mirror30 x 64 cm flatnear intermediate focus Secondary mirror35 cm diameter(Used slightly off axis) Steering mirror10 cm flat5° x 15° range of motion at exit pupil Tertiary mirror0.5 m x 1.1 m off axis asphere(long direction is out of the page) Focal planef/27 system 4.2 arcsec/mm plate scale(2k x 2k x 16 µm CCD shown here) Design by CoI Jim Burge

  3. 0.050 0.000 0.75 0.000 -X Field (degrees) HAWK Excellent performance across the field Nominally designed so that rms wavefront error RMSWE is limited to 20 nm. Low imaging distortion (4% max at corners of field) RMS Wave Front Error in Waves

  4. ---The Big Bang --- Proposed HAWK LDB Mission HAWK Hierarchical Assembly through Wide-field Kinematics (15 Billion Yrs Ago. z > 100) The Unobserved Realm To Be Explored by JWST First Star Formation First Galaxy Structures A consistent picture of the evolution of the Universe from the Big Bang to the present is emerging. Some data, however, suggest galaxies may not fit this model! From the Early Universe (11 Billion Yrs Ago; z ~ 1.5) Galaxies were less well organized Galaxy Evolution To be observed by HAWK Payload to be designed & built at Rutgers U. Merging Galaxies

  5. HAWK Hierarchical Assembly through Wide-field Kinematics 0.7 HDF Redshift Catalog HDF Distance (Mpc x 105) 1.2 Mission Objectives: • Study all motions in a 10 Mpc3 Volume! • Determine luminous + dark matter content as a function of internal radius and redshift. • Measure empirically how galaxies evolve from an early epoch. (Model independent.) Graphics Credit: Fanning Software Consulting HAWK will pick up 100x more than HST!

  6. HAWK Balloon Mission Objective: Observing Galaxies as a Function of Z Measure luminous and dark matter in galaxies Emission Map z = 0.75 Emission Map z = 1.35 Emission Map z = 0.35 e263g14 Rotation Curves Velocity Map z = 0.75 Velocity Map z = 1.35 Velocity Map z = 0.35 Figure D-3 Mission Science

  7. HAWK LDB Balloon -- Can’t do Imaging Spectroscopy with Large Ground-based Telescopes with AO FOV on a 10 m with AO With AO HAWK FOV PSF Comparisons Bottom: 10 m good seeing Top: 10 m with AO Good Seeing Without AO Ground-IR have Bad Thermal Backgrounds! HDF North HAWK spatial resolution = 0.07

  8. KITE Kinematical Imaging Trailblazer Experiment Swallow-tail Kite by D.A. Rintoul, USGS 25% QE – Solar Blind (50% Possible) c/f MAMA 10% c/f WFPC2 system efficiency 0.25% 5.6x of GALEX with 0.75 m telescope Near-UV EBCCD Electron-Bombarded CCD Weight: 4 kg (2 kg Possible) c/f MAMA: 10 kg

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