Heart Transplant

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2. A heart transplant is a surgical procedure where a failing or diseased heart is replaced with a healthier heart. This treatment is usually recommended to patients whose conditions have failed to show any improvement even after medications and other surgeries. In most cases, a brain-dead patient is considered as a donor for a heart transplant. Heart Transplant

3. Indication A patient may need a heart transplant in the following conditions: • Coronary artery disease • Cardiomyopathy, a condition where your heart muscles get weakened • Heart valve disease • Congenital heart defect (problem in the structure of the heart from birth) • Abnormal rhythms of the heart that keep recurring and cannot be controlled by medications • Amyloidosis (deposit of abnormal proteins in organs and body tissues) • A previous heart transplant that has failed

4. Pre Procedure The pre-procedure guidelines before undergoing a heart transplant are: • First and foremost, you will be evaluated to check for certain conditions like if you are healthy enough for undergoing the surgery and the lifelong medications that you need to take post-surgery. • While you will be put on the waiting list for a suitable heart donor, make sure that you are nearby as you can get a call any moment. You will be informed once the donor heart is available and you need to come to the hospital immediately. • Timing is an important factor here as the donor heart can survive only for 4-6 hours after taken out from the body. • Once you arrive at the hospital, you will be administered the pre-operative medicines and prepared for the surgery.

5. During Procedure • Heart transplant surgery is basically an open heart surgery that may take several hours. General anaesthesia will be administered in this procedure. You will be connected with a heart-lung bypass machine to ensure there is proper blood flow during the whole operation. The surgeon first makes an incision in the chest, and opens the rib cage to get access to your heart. • The diseased heart is then removed and the donor heart will be placed in its place. The surgeon will then attach the major blood vessels to the donor heart. Once the blood flow gets restored, the heart starts beating again. In some cases, an electric shock needs to be given for the heart to start beating properly.

6. More info • There will be several adjustments that you will need to make in your lifestyle after a heart transplant. There will be some medicines that you have to take for the rest of your life, which may make you more vulnerable to infection and develop health conditions like high cholesterol, high blood pressure or diabetes. • Gradually, the dosage might decrease depending on your condition. Ensure that all the medications are taken regularly. Eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly and avoiding tobacco products are the basic changes that needs to be made in your daily life. Your doctor may also suggest a cardiac rehabilitation programme for you, involving exercising and diet guidelines to recover better after a transplant.

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