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Deborah Boschini, MSN, RN Fresno State University April 2, 2014

Guidelines for Social Media Use for Nursing Students: Learning to Balance Freedom of Expression with Professional Boundaries. Deborah Boschini, MSN, RN Fresno State University April 2, 2014.

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Deborah Boschini, MSN, RN Fresno State University April 2, 2014

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  1. Guidelines for Social Media Usefor Nursing Students:Learning to BalanceFreedom of Expression with Professional Boundaries Deborah Boschini, MSN, RN Fresno State University April 2, 2014

  2. Overview of Topic*We invite everyone viewing this presentation to complete a feedback form. Here is the link to this presentation feedback form.

  3. Research Question • What are the best practices that nursing programs should follow to help students avoid inappropriate social media use?

  4. Examples of Inappropriate Use • Posting photos, patient names, other identifying info • Posting info that is harmful to a program, employer, or the profession • Accessing social media on the job • Contacting patients through social media • The “Placenta Incident”

  5. Importance of Topic:Boundary Violations Have Serious Consequences • Violations may result in criminal and/or civil penalties • Other consequences: • Students: disciplinary action up to expulsion • Nursing programs: loss of clinical sites, damage to reputation, increased attrition, lawsuits • Nurses: loss of job (or offer), suspension or revocation of license • Profession: damage to reputation, loss of trust in nurse-patient relationships

  6. Research: Types of Inappropriate Use (1) • Comparison of Facebook profiles of medical students & residents for privacy violations (2007 vs. 2009). • Most common violation: photos • Increased over time • Newer students more likely to have violations • (Thompson et al., 2011) • Analysis of 813 Facebook profiles of medical students & residents for inappropriate material. • 70% had photos with alcohol • 30% had privacy violations, foul language, or explicit sexual content • 2/3 accounts not private • (Thompson et al., 2008)

  7. Research: Types of Inappropriate Use (2) • In a survey of 46 U.S. medical schools 60% reported violations • (Chretien, Greysen, Chretien, & Kind, 2009)

  8. Research: Types of Inappropriate Use (3) • 439 perfusionists were surveyed regarding cell phone use during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) • (Smith, Darling, & Sceales, 2011) • 93% “never distracted,” but 35% witnessed other distracted providers (compared to distraction during driving)

  9. Research: Social Media Policy Establishment • Analysis of 132 websites of medical schools: • 95% (126) associated with Facebook • 10% (13) featured guidelines for social media use • 5/13 clearly defined inappropriate use • 7/13 encouraged responsible use • (Kind, Gerrich, Sodhi, & Chetien, 2010) • Analysis of state boards of nursing (BONs) • Proportion of BONs with social networking guidelines rose from 7% (2010) to 17% (2012) • 72% of BONs had received complaints about RNs who posted inappropriate content • (NCSBN, 2012)

  10. Research: Barriers to Student Learning • Survey of 895 healthcare students after a training session on professionalism (including social media use): • (Hatch, Bates, Khera, & Walton, 2013)

  11. Research: Effective Strategies • Reflective practice through use of case studies & discussion can increase awareness regarding appropriate social media use, enhance professional growth. • (Kung, Eisenberg,& Slanetz, 2012)

  12. Analysis of Research • Weaknesses • Lack of longitudinal studies • Lack of experimental studies • Fewer recent studies • Strengths • Interdisciplinary • Observational • Formed a basis for guidelines

  13. Best Practices for Social Media Policy Development(ANA, 2011; NCSBN, 2012) • Include stakeholders in policy creation • Cover ethical and legal obligations • Address social media myths • Discuss effects of social media use on organizations & teams • Don’t be restrictive or negative • Teach appropriate use & boundaries • Have clear statements of expected behaviors & consequences • Be proactive, not reactive

  14. Implications for Educational Leadership • Professional programs are responsible for addressing social media use • Conveying standards • Establishing policies • Enforcing policies, standards, & laws • Educational leaders must be knowledgeable about boundaries • Personal vs. professional lives • Freedom of expression vs. ethical duties & legal restrictions • Focus on the possibilities, not challenges

  15. Presentation References American Nurses Association (ANA). (2011). ANA’s principles for social networking and the nurse. Retrieved from http://www.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/ThePracticeofProfessionalNursing/NursingStandards/ANAPrinciples.aspx Chretien, K.C., Greysen, S.R., Chretien, J.P., & Kind, T. (2009). Online posting of unprofessional content by medical students. Journal of the American Medical Association, 302, 1309-1315. Hatch, T., Bates, H., Khera, S., & Walton, J. (2013). Professionalism and social media: An interprofessionallearning activity. Medical Education 2013, 47. 1119-1146. doi: 10.1111/medu.12334 Kind, T., Genrich, G., Sodhi, A., & Cretien, K. (2010). Social media policies at U.S. medical schools. Medical Education Online. doi: 10.3402/meo.v15i0.5324. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20859533 Kung, J.W., Eisenber, R.L., & Slanetz, P.J. (2012). Reflective practice as a tool to teach digital professionalism. Academic Radiology, 19(11), 1408-1414. doi: 10.1016/j.acra.2012.08.008 National Council State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN). (2012). White paper: A nurse’s guide to the use of social media. Retrieved from https://www.ncsbn.org/Social_Media.pdf Skiba, D.J. (2011). Nursing education 2.0: The need for social media policies for schools of nursing. Nursing Education Perspectives, 32(2), 126-127. Smith, T., Darling, E., & Searles, B. (2011). 2010 survey on cell phone use while performing cardiopulmonary bypass. Perfusion, 26(5), 375-380. doi: 10.1177/0267659111409969. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21593081 Thompson, L.A., Black, E., Duff, W.P., Paradise Black, N., Saliba, H., & Dawson, K. (2011). Protected health information on social networking sites: Ethical and legal considerations. Journal of Medical Internet Research. Retrieved from http://www.jmir.org/2011/1/e8/ Thompson, L.A., Dawson, K., Ferdig, R., Black, E.W., Boyer, J., Coutts, J., & Black, N.P. (2008). The intersection of online social networking with medical professionalism. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 23(7), 954-957. doi: 10.1007/s11606-008-0538-8 Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18612723

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