Airmanship 2

1. Airmanship 2 Leading Cadet Training Airspace and Airways Lecture 3

2. Airspace The UK has two Flight Information Regions: The London FIR and the ScottishFIR. Both of which extend from the surface to 19,500 ft. Above this is the Upper Information Regions UIRs. Both UIRs extend from 19,500 ft to 66,000 ft. Used to safely control and manage Air Traffic

3. Airspace Used to safely control and manage Air Traffic Within the FIRs, airspace is divided into two main classes, Controlled and Uncontrolled Airspace “Controlled Airspace” has strict rules on the conduct of flying within them.

4. Airspace Used to safely control and manage Air Traffic Airspace around certain aerodromes is called a Control Zone (CTR) Extending from ground level to a specific Flight Level, it has a lateral dimension of 5nm either side of the centre of the aerodrome, in the direction of the approach path.

5. Airways AIRWAYS facilitate safe passage of aircraft in congested airspace. Any aircraft can use them providing: B. The aircraft is fitted with appropriate radio and navigational equipment. C. The flight is made in accordance with the rules. A. The pilot has a valid instrument rating, because within all airways, Instrument Flight Rules are used.

6. Airways AIRWAYS are between 10and 20 nautical miles wide, (18.5 to 37km) The centre of an airway is marked by Very High Frequency Omni-directional Radio Range Beacons. (VOR) BEACONS Aircraft fly from beacon to beacon reporting to ATCC as to their position, time and height. They also have Upper and Lower height limits. Although as they approach airfields they do slope down to the ground to form airfield zones.

7. Airways Clearance is always required for flights along Airways. Routes taken must be planned and submitted to ATCC beforetakeoff. It remains the pilot’s responsibility to maintain planned tracks and timings. Contact with ATCC must be established before an aircraft can enter the airway. Aircraft are tracked on radar, all through the airway.

8. Airways There are TWO ways to Cross an airway : 2. Flying through the airway, provided clearance and radar control is obtained. 1. Flying underneath the airway, when no permission is needed. Subject to height restrictions. AIRWAY

9. Avoiding Other Aircraft Use your eyes!! Alert pilot to position using Clock Code system

10. Avoiding Other Aircraft Directly ahead of the aircraft is 12 o’clock Directly astern is 6 o’clock

11. Avoiding Other Aircraft Indicate HIGH, LEVEL or LOW Relative to YOUR aircraft

12. Check Understanding What are the two basic types of Airspace called? Free Zones and Controlled Zones Airways and Zones FIR’s and UIR’s Controlled and Uncontrolled

13. Check Understanding Which type of Airspace has strict rules on the conduct of flying within them? Uncontrolled Airspace Controlled Airspace CTR Control Zones FIR’s and UIR’s

14. Check Understanding What is the range of widths of Airways? 10 to 15 nm 10 to 20 nm 15 to 20 nm 15 to 25 nm

15. Check Understanding How are the centre of Airways marked? Radio signals from ATCC A series of radio navigation beacons • Lights at certain points along the route • The National Grid power lines

16. Check Understanding Which of the following is permitted if an aircraft wishes to cross an Airway? Crossing is allowed if no other traffic is visible. Crossing with clearance and radar control from ATCC Crossing if the Airway is clear of cloud Join the Airway and then turn off with clearance from ATCC

17. Check Understanding If reporting an aircraft at 6 o’clock level, Which way should the pilot look? Directly ahead Directly behind 90o to the left • 90o to the right

18. Airmanship 2 Leading Cadet Training End of Presentation