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ELEVATOR 101

ELEVATOR 101. ALMOST EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT ELEVATORS AND ESCALATORS AND THE FUTURE OF THE VERTICAL TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY. Elevator History Conventional elevator technology Technological advances MRL cost & space savings, and sustainability benefits Future trends.

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ELEVATOR 101

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  1. ELEVATOR 101 • ALMOST EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT ELEVATORS AND ESCALATORS AND THE FUTURE OF THE VERTICAL TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY

  2. Elevator History • Conventional elevator technology • Technological advances • MRL cost & space savings, and sustainability benefits • Future trends

  3. Early Elevators

  4. Early Elevators

  5. Elisha Otis Demonstrates his “Safe” Freight/Passenger Elevator in 1853

  6. The High-rise Building is Born

  7. The first moving stairway; the escalator was actually a ride In 1891, Jesse Reno patented a moving stairway – actually a moving ramp – that was known as the "inclined elevator." In 1896, Reno installed his version of an escalator at the Old Iron Pier at Coney Island. The amusement park ride, which transported riders on a conveyor belt built at a 25-degree angle, was considered a novelty by the 75,000 people who rode it during its two-week Coney Island exhibition. The Otis Elevator Company bought the patent, and ultimately merged two separate designs to create the escalator that is commonly used today

  8. Early Escalators

  9. Modern Escalators

  10. Early “Modern” Elevator Machines

  11. Early Elevator Machines

  12. CURRENT ELEVATOR TECHNOLOGY

  13. Elevator Technology Hydraulic Applications Three configurations: 1) Direct Plunger - Holed 2) Roped Plunger - Roped - Under slung 3) Holeless Direct Plunger Roped Twin Jack Holeless

  14. Elevator Technology Traction Applications Traction configurations: 1) Overhead 2) Basement 3) Underslung Basement Application 1:1 Roping Underslung Application 2:1 Roping Overhead Application

  15. Gearless Elevator Machine

  16. Elevator Technology Hydraulic vs.Traction Advantages • Costs less to install • Shorter lead times • No reactions at the top of the structure Drawbacks • Higher noise level • Slow speeds • High energy consumption • Environmental concerns

  17. Elevator Technology Traction vs. Hydraulic Advantages • Higher speeds • Greater rise • Smoother ride quality Drawbacks • Higher installation cost • Longer lead times • Significant load on top of structure • Penthouse requirements • Critical path

  18. Elevator Technology: 1996 – Today Gearless 400’ 300’ Gearead Gearless MRL 200’ 100’ 60’ Roped Holed 40’ Holeless 20’ 0’ Gearless Traction Elevators Hydraulic Elevators Machine Room-Less Elevators Geared Traction Elevators

  19. Elevator Technology A Technological Breakthrough in 1996 Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) • Reduces motor size & weight • Saves significant energy • Reduces building’s carbon footprint • Eliminates traditional machine room • Eliminates hydraulic oil • Simplifies installation • Sustainable ownership

  20. AC Gearless PMSM Technology +93% efficient 50-70% less energy than traditional traction or hydraulic machine technology 6.7 hp vs. 40-60 hp Reduced Starting Current Demand 30-40% less energy than traditional hydraulic or traction Elevator Technology Saving Energy

  21. PMSM Technology enabled Machine Room-Less (MRL) elevators Money saved by eliminating a machine room can be used to build additional rental space Give architects more creative freedom of design Elevator Technology Saving Space

  22. Elevator Technology Eliminating Oil ● Oil in traditional elevator technology - Lubricate machine - Hydraulic motion ● The average hydraulic elevator uses approximately 300 gallons of oil over it’s lifetime. Direct Plunger Basement Application 1:1 Roping Underslung Type 2:4 Roping * Based on a 3-landing in- ground, 20’ of travel

  23. Elevator Technology Sustainable Ownership • Buildings account for 40% of the world’s energy consumption • Elevators account for 2-10% of the total building’s energy consumption • Over a lifetime of a new elevator the energy savings can amount to more than the initial cost of the equipment • In high traffic applications, up to 30% of energy consumed can be recovered through regenerative systems • In low traffic applications, the energy used while sitting idle (standby energy) can amount up to 70-80% of the total energy consumed

  24. Elevator Technology The Future Belongs to MRL Elevators Architects are increasingly turning to MRL’s as hydraulic elevators continue to disappear. • Saves energy • Saves space • Eliminate hydraulic oil • Simplifies installation • Sustainable ownership

  25. Today and Tomorrow’s Escalators

  26. Elevator Technology Technology Advances - Regeneration - Sleeping Elevators - Solar Powered Elevators

  27. Elevator Technology “Anytime you can put in a traction product in place of a hydraulic...that’s a no brainer! We foresee in the coming year (and that’s not too far off!), that machine room-less will replace hydraulics.” -David Mirch, Elevator Consultant, President of DMT, LLC

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