Outlook towards future Polish participation in the new Accelerator Facility Tomasz Matulewicz Warsaw University

1. Outlook towards future Polish participation in the new Accelerator Facility Tomasz Matulewicz Warsaw University

2. The physics case Are the physical problems at the future accelerator facility important enough? Now? After a decade? Is the Polish atomic and nuclear physics community ready for an effective participation? The list of targets Tomasz Matulewicz

3. Nuclear Structure Physics • Physics with Antiprotons • Nuclear Matter Physics • Atomic Physics • Plasma Physics • Applications Tomasz Matulewicz

4. The most remarkable discovery in all of astronomy is that the stars are made of atoms of the same kind as those on the earth. Richard P. Feynman ... but several of them are unstable... Tomasz Matulewicz

5. Nuclear Structure: links to Astrophysics(nucleosynthesis) p+pHeCFe+energy Feheavier nuclei-energy Tomasz Matulewicz

6. Synthesis of heavy elements during supernovae explosion From qualitative understanding of nucleosynthesis to quantitative: processes involving unstable nuclei to a great extent still unknown. Ultimate goal: understanding of the abundance of the elements in the universe - the origin of our existence Huge progress in astronomical observatories has to be followed by similar progress in nuclear physics. Tomasz Matulewicz

7. What we want to learn? • properties of very neutron rich nuclei • proton emitters • isomeric beams • nuclear structure of exotic nuclei Tomasz Matulewicz

8. Physics with antiprotons Less than 2% of nucleon mass can be accounted for by the three valence quarks. 98% ? kinetic energy interaction energy Confinement of quarks: can we understand this phenomenon? Tomasz Matulewicz

9. confinement potential Quantum electrodynamics (QED) Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) Pozytronium (e+e–) Charmonium ( c c ) Masse / MeV binding energy meV 4100 terra incognita ionisation energy 0 3P2(~3940) 1S0 3900 3P1(~3880) -1000 1D2 3P0(~3800) 3P2 3S1 1P1 3D2 1S0 3P1 3700 3P0 -3000 3500 -5000 3300 3S1 0.1nm 3100 1S0 1fm -7000 Positronium 2900 Charmonium

10. Tool: PANDA detector • Prototypes of ECAL (electromagnetic calorimeter consisting of 22 thousands modules of PbWO4 ) equipped with avalanche photodiodes tested at C-30 cyclotron at the Sołtan Institute for Nuclear Studies (Świerk, Warsaw), further tests at AI-144 cyclotron at the Institute of Nuclear Physics (Kraków) are planned. • Construction of elements of Forward Detector (Kraków, Katowice) • Data Acquisition System (Kraków, Katowice) • Simulations (Katowice) Tomasz Matulewicz

11. Project FLAIR: low energy antiprotons • antihydrogen spectroscopy: symmetry between matter and antimatter • gravitation of matter and antimatter: is it the same? • improve the precision of measurement of magnetic moment of antiproton by 106 (to the level of accuracy for protons) • neutron and proton radii of radioactive nuclei Tomasz Matulewicz

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13. Nuclear matter physics confinement of quarks „free” quarks in hot&dense medium: phase transition 1MeV1010K Tomasz Matulewicz

14. Simulation of nucleus-nucleus collision Tomasz Matulewicz

15. Physics: properties of compressed excited nuclear matter • modification of hadrons mass (Warsaw) • fluctuation signatures of the critical point (Warsaw) CBM detector • Data Acquisition System: how to select and save interesting events from a tremendous flux of standard ones... (Katowice, Kraków, Warsaw) • Time-of-Flight detector (Warsaw) Tomasz Matulewicz

16. Atomic and plasma physics 1022 W/cm2 laser • extreme static e-m fields • extreme dynamic fields generated with relativistic uranium nuclei: attosecond microscope (1as=10-18 s) • ultra-slow and trapped antiprotons • Powerful laser system PHELIX 5J/0.5 ps => 10 TW • ion beam and laser heating: plasma Kraków, Kielce Tomasz Matulewicz

17. Applications: the development of new plasma technologies applicable for material engineering(Świerk) • An electrical arc technique under ultra-high vacuum for the production of thin superconducting layers upon inner surfaces of RF cavities for charged particle accelerators. • High-quality super-conducting layers might considerably reduce the costs of the pure Niobium consumption. Tomasz Matulewicz

18. Compressed Baryonic Matter Where we are? Appli- cations T H E O R Y Atomic physics Nuclear structure Physics with antiprotons

19. Participating regions considering participation...

20. Conclusions • Physics at the future facility is interesting (results will appear in the textbooks of XXI) • Wide participation of the atomic and subatomic physics community (all generations!)  talks during this meeting • Raised problems of fundamental importance: certainly appealing to the future researchers (now at secondary schools; thousands entering physics studies every year) Tomasz Matulewicz

21. Tomasz Matulewicz