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An atom is the smallest particle of an element that retains

An atom is the smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical identity of the element. Three Parts of Atom Particle Charge Mass Atomic mass units Proton +1 1.67x 10 -24 g 1 amu Neutron 0 1.67x 10 -24 g 1 amu

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An atom is the smallest particle of an element that retains

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  1. An atom is the smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical identity of the element. Three Parts of Atom Particle Charge Mass Atomic mass units Proton +1 1.67x 10-24 g 1 amu Neutron 0 1.67x 10-24 g 1 amu Electron -1 9.11x 10-28 g 0 amu

  2. Where are they? • Nucleus is made up of protons and neutrons. • Electrons move around the nucleus. • Mass is concentrated in the nucleus. • 99.97% of the mass is in the nucleus.

  3. How big are atoms? • If nucleus is size of a golf ball, the electrons are how far away? • 1 mile! Lots of empty space • How big are they? • 6.02 x 1023 atoms in 12 grams of carbon.

  4. How many protons? • The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom. Look at the periodic table for this. The number of protons identifies the element.

  5. How many neutrons? • The number of neutrons may vary. • An isotope is an atom that has the same number of protons as other atoms of the same element, but different number of neutrons. • Same atomic number = same element • Protons + Neutrons = Atomic Mass • Isotopes have different atomic masses, because they have different number of neutrons.

  6. A NEUTRON WALKED INTO A BAR AND ASKED… HOW MUCH FOR A ROOT BEER?

  7. FOR YOU, BUDDY… NOCHARGE! THE BARTENDER SAID

  8. How many electrons? • The number of electrons equals the number of protons in a neutral atom • An ion is a charged atom in which the number of electrons can increase or decrease. • More electrons than protons, charge is negative • Fewer electrons than protons, charge is positive

  9. CARBON Carbon has • 6 protons 6 amu • 6 neutrons 6 amu • 6 electrons 0 amu • Total atomic mass = 12 amu

  10. How do we write this? • Carbon-12 • C-12 • 12C • 126 C0 • The periodic table tells us that carbon has 6 protons. • The mass is 12 amu and equals protons plus neutrons, so it has 6 neutrons. • It is neutral (has no charge), so it has 6 electrons.

  11. Isotope of carbon • Carbon-14 • C-14 • 14C • 146 C0 • The periodic table tells us that carbon has 6 protons. • The mass is 14 amu and equals protons plus neutrons, so it has 8 neutrons. • It is neutral (has no charge), so it has 6 electrons.

  12. Carbon-14 isotope said to Carbon-12 isotope, “Does these neutrons make my mass look big? What’s the safe answer here? ???

  13. Ion of carbon • Carbon-12 • C-12 • 12C • 126 C+4 • The periodic table tells us that carbon has 6 protons. • The mass is 12 amu and equals protons plus neutrons, so it has 6 neutrons. • It is positive (it lost 4 electrons), so it has only 2 electrons.

  14. OH NO!!! I think LOST an ELECTRON!! Are you POSITIVE?

  15. A n (- or +) E Z E = element symbol Z = atomic number = # protons (identifies element) A = atomic mass = # protons + # neutrons n = charge (+ if fewer electrons than protons) (- if more electrons than protons)

  16. What is the name of the element that has… • 5 protons • 17 protons • 25 protons • 82 protons • 92 protons

  17. What is the chemical symbol of… The atom with • 8 protons • 11 protons • 9 protons

  18. How many protons and electrons in atoms of…? • vanadium? • nitrogen? • argon? • potassium?

  19. What is the chemical symbol of… The ion with • 8 protons and 10 electrons • 11 protons and 10 electrons • 9 protons and 10 electrons

  20. Write the chemical symbol for the ion with… • 12 protons and 10 electrons • 74 protons and 68 electrons • 95 protons and 89 electrons

  21. Write the chemical symbol for the ion with… • 33 protons and 36 electrons • 29 protons and 27 electrons

  22. Write the chemical symbol for the atom with… • 5 protons and 6 neutrons • 13 protons and 14 neutrons • 8 protons and 8 neutrons

  23. Show 3 ways to write • The atom with 53 protons and atomic mass 131 How many neutrons are in this isotope?

  24. How many protons, neutrons , electrons… 59 2+ Ni 28

  25. How many protons, neutrons , electrons… 91 4+ Zr 40

  26. How many protons, neutrons , electrons… 140 3+ Ce 58

  27. How many protons, neutrons , electrons… 79 2- Se 34

  28. How many protons, neutrons , electrons… 45 3+ Sc 21

  29. How many protons, neutrons , electrons… 13 4- C 6

  30. Write the complete chemical symbol for the ion with… 84 p 125 n 80 e

  31. Write the complete chemical symbol for the ion with… 27 p 32 n 25 e

  32. Write the complete chemical symbol for the ion with… 73 p 108 n 68 e

  33. Write the complete chemical symbol for the ion with… 31 p 39 n 28 e

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